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Binding and the effect of the red kidney bean lectin, phytohaemagglutinin, in the gastrointestinal tract of suckling rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Ann Linderoth ,
Olena Prykhod'ko ,
Bo Ahrén ,
Frida Fåk ,
Stefan G. Pierzynowski  and
Björn R. Weström
Ann Linderoth*
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Helgonavägen 3B, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
Olena Prykhod'ko
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Helgonavägen 3B, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
Bo Ahrén
Affiliation:
Department of MedicineUniversity Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Frida Fåk
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Helgonavägen 3B, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
Stefan G. Pierzynowski
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Helgonavägen 3B, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
Björn R. Weström
Affiliation:
Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Helgonavägen 3B, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Ann Linderoth, fax +46 46 222 45 39, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Enteral exposure of suckling rats to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) has been shown to induce growth and precocious functional maturation of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism of this action. Suckling rats, 14d old, were fed a single dose of PHA (0·05mg/g body weight) or saline. The binding of PHA to the gut epithelium and its effect on the morphology and functional properties of the gut and pancreas were studied up to 3d after treatment. Initially, at 1–24h, the PHA bound along the gut mucosal lining, resulting in disturbed gut morphology with villi shortening and rapid decreases in disaccharidase activities and macromolecular absorption capacity. During a later phase, between 1 and 3d, the PHA binding had declined, and an uptake by enterocytes was observed. An increase in crypt cell proliferation and gut growth became evident during this period, together with a functional maturation, as indicated by increases in disaccharidase (maltase and sucrase) activities and the low macromolecular absorption capacity. Pancreas growth also increased, as did its content of digestive enzymes. We conclude that enteral exposure to PHA in suckling rats temporarily causes mucosal disarrangement and functional impediment of the gut, which may be explained by binding to and disruption of the gut mucosa and a two-fold increase in the plasma corticosterone concentration. These findings may lead to a better understanding of the role of diet in gastrointestinal maturation and may constitute a basis for the treatment of mammals having an immature gut.

Keywords

Gut permeabilityDisaccharidasesPancreasEndocytosis
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 1 , January 2006 , pp. 105 - 115
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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