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Bilingual experience and executive control over the adult lifespan: The role of biological sex

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 June 2018

SIVANIYA SUBRAMANIAPILLAI ,
MARIA NATASHA RAJAH ,
STAMATOULA PASVANIS  and
DEBRA TITONE
SIVANIYA SUBRAMANIAPILLAI
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, McGill University Douglas Brain Imaging Centre, Douglas Institute Research Centre Centre for Research on Brain, Language & Music, McGill University
MARIA NATASHA RAJAH
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill UniversitDouglas Brain Imaging Centre, Douglas Institute Research Centre Centre for Research on Brain, Language & Music, McGill University
STAMATOULA PASVANIS
Affiliation:
Douglas Brain Imaging Centre, Douglas Institute Research Centre
DEBRA TITONE*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, McGill University Centre for Research on Brain, Language & Music, McGill University
*
Address for correspondence: Debra Titone, Ph.D., Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave., Montreal, Quebec, H3A1B1, Canada[email protected]
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Abstract

We investigated whether bilingual language experience over the lifespan impacts women and men in a manner that differentially buffers against age-related declines in executive control. To this end, we investigated whether executive control performance in a lifespan sample of adult women and men were differentially impacted by individual differences in bilingual language experience, assessed using an unspeeded measure of executive control: the Wisconsin Card Sort Test. The results suggested that women showed both the greatest degree of age-related decline across WCST measures, and a greater likelihood than men to express improved performance as a function of increased bilingual experience. We consider implications of this finding for advancing our understanding of the relation between bilingualism and cognition, and also the effects of biological sex on cognitive aging.

Keywords

bilingualismsexagingWisconsin Card Sort Testexecutive control
Type
Research Article
Information
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition , Volume 22 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 733 - 751
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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