Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T19:21:10.415Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Unconscious influences on decision making in blindsight

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 January 2014

Berit Brogaard
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy and Center for Neurodynamics, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO 63121. [email protected]@[email protected]
Kristian Marlow
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy and Center for Neurodynamics, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO 63121. [email protected]@[email protected]
Kevin Rice
Affiliation:
Department of Philosophy and Center for Neurodynamics, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO 63121. [email protected]@[email protected]

Abstract

Newell & Shanks (N&S) argue that an explanation for blindsight need not appeal to unconscious brain processes, citing research indicating that the condition merely reflects degraded visual experience. We reply that other evidence suggests blindsighters' predictive behavior under forced choice reflects cognitive access to low-level visual information that does not correlate with visual consciousness. Therefore, while we grant that visual consciousness may be required for full visual experience, we argue that it may not be needed for decision making and judgment.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Boyer, J. L., Harrison, S. & Ro, T. (2005) Unconscious processing of orientation and color without primary visual cortex. PNAS 102(46):16875–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bridgeman, B. & Staggs, D. (1982) Plasticity in human blindsight. Vision Research 22:1199–203.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brogaard, B. (2011a) Are there unconscious perceptual processes? Consciousness and Cognition 20:449–63.Google Scholar
Brogaard, B. (2011b) Color experience in blindsight? Philosophical Psychology 24:767–86.Google Scholar
Brogaard, B. (2011c) Conscious vision for action versus unconscious vision for action. Cognitive Science 35:1076–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brogaard, B. (2012a) Colour eliminativism or colour relativism? Philosophical Papers 41:305–21.Google Scholar
Brogaard, B. (2012b) Non-visual consciousness and visual images in blindsight. Consciousness and Cognition 21:595–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campion, J., Latto, R. & Smith, Y. M. (1983) Is blindsight an effect of scattered light, spared cortex, and near-threshold vision? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6:423–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hardin, C. L. (1985) Color for philosophers: Unweaving the rainbow (expanded ed.). Hackett.Google Scholar
Heywood, C. A. & Kentridge, R. W. (2003) Achromatopsia, colour vision & cortex. Neurological Clinics of North America 21:483500.Google ScholarPubMed
Heywood, C. A., Kentridge, R. W. & Cowey, A. (2001) Colour & the cortex: Wavelength processing in cortical achromatopsia In: Varieties of unconscious processing: New findings & models, ed. De Gelder, B., De Haan, E. & Heywood, C. A., pp. 5268. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Overgaard, M. (2011) Visual experience and blindsight: A methodological review. Experimental Brain Research 209:473–79.Google Scholar
Stoerig, P. (1993) Sources of blindsight. Science 261:493–94.Google Scholar
Stoerig, P. & Cowey, A. (1992) Wavelength discrimination in blindsight. Brain 115:425–44.Google Scholar
Weiskrantz, L. (2009) Is blindsight just degraded normal vision? Experimental Brain Research 192:413–16.Google Scholar
Zihl, J. (1980) Blindsight: Improvement of visually guided eye movements by systematic practice in patients with cerebral blindness. Neuropsychologia 18:7177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zihl, J. & Werth, R. (1984) Contributions to the study of “blindsight” II: The role of specific practice for saccadic localization in patients with postgeniculate visual field defects. Neuropsychologia 22:1322.Google Scholar