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Are there independent lexical and nonlexical routes in word processing? An evaluation of the dual-route theory of reading

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2010

Glyn W. Humphreys  and
Lindsay J. Evett
Glyn W. Humphreys
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, London WC1E 7HX, England
Lindsay J. Evett
Affiliation:
MRC Cognitive Development Unit, 17 Gordon Street, London WC1, England
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Abstract

One of the most popular and influential theories of word processing, dual-route theory, proposes that there are two functionally independent means of processing words, one involving access to lexical knowledge and the other involving nonlexical grapheme-to-phoneme conversion. Three topics germane to this theory are the processing of nonwords, spelling regularity effects, and the manner in which reading may be impaired following selective damage to either route. This paper evaluates evidence on these topics, and in each case the claims of the theory for an independent nonlexical processing route are called into question. This conclusion is further supported by a discussion of the linguistic constraints that limit any nonlexical grapheme—phoneme conversion process. Some alternative approaches to visual word processing, which share the assumption that lexical knowledge can guide the assembly of phonological information, are discussed. It is argued that these approaches should direct future research.

Keywords

dyslexiagrapheme processinglexical processingmental representationsneuropsychologyorthographyphonologyreadingword recognition
Type
Target article
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 8 , Issue 4 , December 1985 , pp. 689 - 705
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

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