Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T17:48:27.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An Absence Explained: Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and the Battle of Mohács

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2009

Paula Sutter Fichtner
Paula Sutter Fichtner
Affiliation:
Brooklyn College
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

On April 23, 1526, Suleiman, the Turkish sultan, left Constantinople at the head of an army numbering around 120,000 men. He marched in a northwesterly direction, his apparent purpose being the conquest of the Kingdom of Hungary. The Magyars and their subjects had once been a formidable barrier to the westward expansion of the Ottomans, but they were now badly weakened by the ineptness of their youthful king Louis and the rapacity and shortsightedness of their nobility.

Type
Articles
Information
Austrian History Yearbook , Volume 2 , January 1966 , pp. 11 - 17
Copyright
Copyright © Center for Austrian Studies, University of Minnesota 1966

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Wilhelm, Bauer, Die Anfänge Ferdinands I (Vienna: Braumüller, 1907), p. 132Google Scholar; Chieregati, to Isabella, d'Este, November 28, 1522, Deutsche Reichstagsakten, Jüngere Reihe, edited by von Kluckhohn, A. and Wrede, A. (7 vols., Gotha: Perthes, 1893–1935), Vol. III, p. 861Google Scholar; Ferdinand, to Margaret, , May 25, 1523, Wilhelm, Bauer (ed.), Die Korrespondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I. In Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für neuere Geschichte Österreichs, Vol. IX (Vienna: Holzhausen, 1912), p. 64.Google Scholar

2 Ferdinand, to Charles, , December 18, 1623, Bauer, Korrespondenz Fer dinands I, Vol. I, p. 189Google Scholar; Arwed, Richter, Der Reichstag zu Nürnberg (Leipzig: Fock, 1888), pp. 112–113.Google Scholar

3 Particularly informative were the dispatches sent to Ferdinand through the imperial ambassadors in Hungary, Andrea Burgo and Johann Schneidpöck. See Haus-, Hof-, und Staataarchiv (Vienna) (hereafter cited as “St. A. [Vienna]”), Grosse Korrespondenz, Fasz. XXVa, Fos. 5, 20, 23, 25, 35, 46, 137,168, 212, and 296.

4 Ferdinand, to Charles, V, June 10, 1524, Bauer, Korreapondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I, pp. 144–145Google Scholar; Ferdinand's instructions for Charles de Bredam to Charles V, June 13, 1524, ibid., pp. 177–178; Charles V to Ferdinand, October 31, 1525, ibid., pp. 339 and 341; Charles V to Ferdinand, March 30, 1526, ibid., p. 378; Ferdinand to Charles V, April 30, 1526, ibid., p. 384; Ferdinand to Charles V, May 29, 1526, ibid., p. 389.

5 Stanislaus, Smolka, “Ferdinand des Erstens Bemühungen um die Krone von Hungarn,” Archiv für österreichische Geschichte, Vol. LVII (1878), pp. 13–14.Google Scholar

6 Lajos, Elekes et al., Magyarország története (3 vols., Budapest: Tankönyvkiadó, 1961), Vol. II, p. 421.Google Scholar

7 Note, for instance, Vilmos, Fraknói, Magyarország a moháeai vészelött (Budapest: Szent-István, 1884)Google Scholar; Vilmos, Fraknói, A Hunyadiak és a Jagellók kora. Vol. IV of A Magyar nemzet története, edited by Sándor, Szilágy (10 vols., Budapest: Athenaeum, 1896), pp. 491–516Google Scholar; and Dezső, Szabó, Küzdelmeink a nemzeti kirdlysdgert (Budapest: Franklin, 1917), pp. 198–208.Google Scholar

8 Alfons, Huber, Gesehichte Österreichs (7 vols., Gotha: Perthes, 1885), Vol. III, p. 532Google Scholar; Ignacz, Acsády, Magyarország, három részre oszlásának története. Vol. V of Szilágy, Magyar nemzet, pp. 16–17Google Scholar; Bálint, Hóman and Gyula, Szekfű, Magyar történet (8 vols., Budapest: Király magyar egytemi nyomda, 1935), Vol. III, pp. 440–446.Google Scholar

9 Ferdinand, to Charles, V, April 30, 1525, Bauer, Korrespondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I, p. 246, n. 1.Google Scholar

10 Stephen, Fischer-Galati, Ottoman Imperialism and German Protestantism (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959), p. 25Google Scholar; Marino, Sanuto, I Diarii di Marino Sanuto (58 vols., Venice: Visentini, 1879–1903), Vol. XLI, p. 374.Google Scholar

11 Louis, to Ferdinand, , June 6, 1526, Bauer, Korrespondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I, p. 391Google Scholar; Fraknói, , Magyarország, pp. 273–274.Google Scholar

12 Sanuto, , Diarii, Vol. XLII, pp. 123–124.Google Scholar

13 Walter, Friedensburg, Der Reichstag zu Speyer. In Historische Untersuchungen, No. 5 (Berlin: Hahn'sche Buchhandlung, 1886), p. 421.Google Scholar

14 Ibid., pp. 422–423; Sanuto, , Diarii, Vol. XLI, pp. 415, 651, and 373–374, and Vol. XLII, p. 172Google Scholar; Ferdinand, to Charles, V, May 25, 1526, Bauer, Korrespondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I, p. 388Google Scholar; Charles V to Ferdinand, July 27, 1526, ibid., p. 411; Antonio, Burgio to Jacobo Sadoleto, July 26, 1526, Monumenta Vaticana Hungariae: Relationes Oratorum Pontificiorum 1524–1526 (Budapest: n. p., 1884), p. 427. Burgio was the papal nuncio in Hungary.Google Scholar

15 Louis, to Ferdinand, , July 15, 1526, Bauer, Korrespondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I, pp. 400–401.Google Scholar

16 Reply of Ferdinand's, government in Vienna to Bernard, Trumpić, August 4, 1526, Monumenta Spectantia Historiam Slavorum Meridionalium, edited by Aemilius, Laszowski (46 vols., Zagreb: Diončke Tiskare, 1914), Vol. XXXV, p. 11Google Scholar; Ferdinand to Nicholas Jurisid, August 4, 1526, ibid., p. 13.

17 Bishop of Trieste to Ferdinand, March 16, 1523, St. A. (Vienna), Grosse Korrespondenz, Fasz. XXVa, Fos. 205 and 236–237; Christopher Frangipani to Ferdinand, March, 1523, Ibid., Fo. 176.

18 Fraknói, , Magyarország, p. 164.Google Scholar

19 Ibid., p. 281.

20 Friedensburg, , Speyer, pp. 426–427Google Scholar; Fischer-Galati, , Ottoman Imperialism, p. 26.Google Scholar

21 Ferdinand, to Margaret, , August 10, 1526, Bauer, Korrespondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I, p. 431Google Scholar; Ferdinand to Margaret, August 15, 1526, Ibid., pp. 433–434; Sanuto, , Diarii, Vol. XLII, p. 519.Google Scholar

22 Ferdinand, to Margaret, , August 21, 1526, Bauer, Korrespondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I, p. 435Google Scholar; Sanuto, , Diarii, Vol. XLII, p. 608. The messenger arrived in Spain on November 6, 1526!Google Scholar

23 Ferdinand, to Margaret, , August 15, 1526, Bauer, Korrespondenz Ferdinands I, Vol. I, p. 434.Google Scholar

24 Sanuto, , Diarii, Vol. XLII, p. 608Google Scholar; Anna of Hungary to Bishop Bernard of Trent, August 18, 1526, St. A. (Vienna), Belgica, Politisches Archiv 19, Fasz. I, Fo. 19; Urkunden und Aktenstilücke zur Geschichte der Verhäitnisse zwischen Österreich, Ungarn und der Pforte im XVI. und XVII. Jahrhunderte, edited by Anton von Gévay (3 vols., Vienna: Schaumberg, 1840), Vol. II, p. 2.

25 Fraknói, , Magyarország, pp. 294–295.Google Scholar