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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 November 2011
The priory, church, and manor of Harmondsworth, near West Drayton, in Middlesex, with its subinfeudations of Padbury's, Barnard's, and Ludington's, belonged to the Benedictine convent of the Holy Trinity and St. Katherine at Rouen. Who gave them to that house I know not. Tanner merely says that the priory was a cell to the monastery at Rouen, and Dugdale is not more explicit. I see by the presentment of a Middlesex jury in Michaelmas Term, 44 Edward III., that Robert, then prior of Harmondsworth, held the church and two carucates of land by the gift of one (they do not say which) of the king's progenitors by the tenure of distributing weekly amongst the poor of the place three bushels of “wastyl” or best bread. The prior was indicted for that he had failed to distribute the bread during the last twenty years, and he pleaded, with what result does not appear, a charter of Privileges granted to the monks at Rouen by Henry II. and confirmed by Henry III. and Edward I.:
Henricus Dei gracia Rex Anglie dux Normannie et Aquitanie et comes Andigavie archiepiscopis, etc. Salutem. Sciatis nos concessisse et presenti Carta confirmasse Abbati et Monachis Sancte Trinitatis sancteque Katherine de Monte Eothomagensi omnes donaciones elemosinarum terrarum et hominura, que facte sunt eis tarn in ecclesiis quam in rebus et possessionibus mundanis. Quare volumus et firmiter precipimus quod dicti Abbas et monachi et ministri eorum teneant et habeant omnes elemosinas et possessiones suos cum sacha et sacca et thol et theam et Infangeneþief cum omnibus libertatibus et liberis consue tudinibus et quietanciis suis in bosco et piano et pratis et pasturis in mariscis et piscariis in vivariis et stagnis. In aquis et molendinis. In virgultis et grangiis extra burgum et infra. In viis et semitis et in omnibus aliis rebus et aliis locis quietas liberas et solutas. de Sirra. et de liundredo et placitis et querelis et de murdro et de wapentaoha et scutagio et geldis et danegeldis. et assisis. et hidagiis. et de operacionibus pontium. et Castellorum et de Lerwite et de Hengewite et fleamcameswite. et de Blodewite et de fithwite. et de auerpeny. et hundredespeny et de Wardepeny. et quietas de omni Pontagio thelonio et passagio et lestagio et stalagio et de omni servicio seculari et servili opere et exaccione et de omnibus occasionibus et secularibus consuetudinibue. excepta sola justicia mortis et membroruni.
page 341 note a Notitia Monastica, Middlesex, , iii.Google Scholar
page 341 note b Monasticon Anglicanum, vi. 1057Google Scholar.
page 342 note a These witnesses were Rotrocus de Warwick, archbishop of Rouen 1165-83, and Egidins de Perche, bishop of Evreux 1170-79.
page 342 note b The French religious houses were branded as schismatic, because they sided with Clement VII. the pope at Avignon, whereas Parliament had decided in 1378 by stat. 2 Richard II. 1, cap. 5, that Urban VI. was rightly chosen pope, or bishop of Rome, as another reading of the statute hath it.
page 343 note a These words in a larger hand than the rest.
page 344 note a Emaimel Zakarie, George Cigala, and John Catane “de societate de Cathaneis de Janua”: Bartholomew Benchenensis and Ghyno Bartholomew “de societate de Guynise de Luk'”: and Anglius Ceba “de societate de Lomelyne”: and Terame Catane “de societate de Grylle” of Genoa.
page 346 note a A notary residing in Kingsgate Street, Winchester, who seems to have accompanied Stoket, Ware, and Altringham as their legal adviser.
page 347 note a The exportation of gold and silver, except for the payment of the king's garrisons over the seas, had been forbidden since 1381 by 5 Richard II., stat. 1, c. 2.
page 348 note a Now Sipson, a hamlet three-quarters of a mile east of Harmondsworth. Gf. Ebbesham, now Epsom.
page 348 note b Now Longford, a hamlet on Bath road, half a mile south-west of Harmondsworth.
page 348 note c Colnbrook, two miles south-west of Harmondsworfch.
page 349 note a The right of customary tenants to timber for repairs was limited in this and most other manors by a custom allowing it to be taken by assignment of the steward only, as a check upon waste. The 60s. here represents fees paid by tenants for such assignments.
page 349 note b The lords of the manor appear to have entered on her death and taken the profits, pending the admission of the next taker.
page 349 note c A custom of letting a dairy of cows at a yearly rent of so much per cow still obtains in many parts, and is common in Wilts and Dorset.
page 349 note d The lords took the best chattel of a tenant as a heriot on his death. In the case of the Draytons, it was compounded for by a money payment, in the other cases the thing seized seems to have been redeemed at a valuation.
page 350 note a This is the indigenous acer campestre or wild maple, so common in hedgerows. The wood is fine grained and tough, but of no great size.
page 350 note b Oxen used for ploughing were shod on their forefeet only.
page 350 note c Iron plates, each going half way round that part of an axle which works within the stock of a wheel. English Dialect Dictionary, i. 162.
page 350 note d Hurturs are the shoulders of an axle against which the wheel rubs. English Dialect Dictionary, iii. 291Google Scholar.
page 350 note e “Studs” are upright pieces of timber morticed into the groundsill, on which weatherboard is now and “wattle and dab” was formerly laid.
page 351 note a This word is not in English Dialect Dictionary. I find “Estregbordes, tabulæ abiegnee” in Dueanæ. If these boards were really Norway deals, it is an early instance of the use of that material in England. Our Fellow, Mr. W. H. Richardson, refers me to Cowell's Interpreter: “Estreg-bords. Eastern boards or deal or firs, brought from the Eastern parts for wainscot and other uses.”
page 351 note b Coralls or dross, an inferior sample of wheat, separated from the rest by dressing.
page 352 note a “Pro famulis manerii,” according to another year's computns.
page 352 note b In another computus, a man who was hired to wait when the warden was at the court house is called “pedaneus.”
page 353 note a Two of the fellows and the steward.
page 353 note b He had been amerced in the manor court, but refused to pay, and this way was adopted of writing off the fine.
page 353 note c Probably seed-corn.
page 353 note d These writs were granted on production of the college charter of Privileges.
page 354 note a In 29 Hen. VI., fifty-three years later, the bailiff accounted for 4 horses, 5 plough-oxen, 14 other oxen, and a bull, 24 cows, 4 boars, 2 sows, 41 porkers, 6 swans, 29 geese, 13 peacocks, 5 capons, 1 cock, 6 hens.
page 355 note a The Colne.
page 355 note b I do not know what this is, unless it be a perversion of “a mon bie et a mon bon” id est, cum commodum et opportiinum videbitur.—Ducange, sub voc. Bonum. I translate it “potluck.”
page 357 note a Spelled solecowys in another inventory. It seems to mean the sole of a plough.
page 358 note a A cart ladder is a frame work fastened on either the front or rear of a cart to increase its carrying capacity.
page 358 note b Rake here must mean “manger” not rack, unless the oats were fed in the straw.
page 358 note c Cleats, upright stakes to which the hurdles composing the fold are fastened by means of withes.
page 358 note d Takke, qy “tack” the fastening of the cartbody to the frame.