VI.—The Monastery of Cluny, 910–1155

Rose Graham; A. W. Clapham

doi:10.1017/S0261340900016398

VI.—The Monastery of Cluny, 910–1155

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 July 2011

Rose Graham and

A. W. Clapham

Article contents

Extract
References

Get access

Extract

In 1075 William de Warenne, who came from Normandy to England with William the Conqueror, set out with his wife Gundrada on a pilgrimage to Rome. Travellers from the north of France and England to Italy then usually took the Roman road, the Via Agrippa, which led from Boulogne, through Burgundy, by Avallon, Autun and Mâcon, to Lyons. ‘We went to many monasteries in France and Burgundy to offer our prayers,’ wrote William de Warenne, ‘and when we had come to Burgundy we learnt that we could not safely travel through it on account of the war between the pope and the emperor, so we turned aside to the monastery of Cluny, a great and holy abbey in honour of St. Peter, and there we adored and besought St. Peter.’

Type: Research Article
Information: Archaeologia , Volume 80 , 1930 , pp. 143 - 178

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261340900016398 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1930

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

^{page 143 note 1} Pignot, J. H., Histoire de l'Ordre de Cluny, I, 29–31 (Société Éduenne, 1868).Google Scholar

^{page 143 note 2} Recueil des Chartes de Cluny, ed. A. Bernard et A. Bruel, iv, 689–96.

^{page 143 note 3} M. Herrgott, Vetus Disciplina Monastica, 273, no. xxxiii; Consuetudines Monasticae, ed. B. Albers, i, 178; Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 759.

^{page 143 note 4} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 178; Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 683; Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1679.

^{page 143 note 5} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 138.

^{page 144 note 1} Herrgott, Vetus Disciplina Monastica, 157, cap. xii.

^{page 144 note 2} Herrgott, op. cit., 258, cap. lxiv; Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 764; Consuetudines Monasticae, ed. B. Albers, i, 184.

^{page 144 note 3} Herrgott, op. cit., 258, cap. lxiv; Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 764.

^{page 144 note 4} Recueil des Chartes de Cluny, ed. Bernard et Bruel, iv, 689, 690. Cf. W. G. Clark-Maxwell, ‘Some Letters of Confraternity’, Archaeologia, lxxv, 30; Herrgott, op. cit., 200.

^{page 144 note 5} Recueil des Chartes de Cluny, i, 124.

^{page 144 note 6} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, ed. Marrier et Duchesne, 1631.

^{page 144 note 7} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 32.

^{page 145 note 1} Recueil des Chartes de Cluny, i, 264, 280.

^{page 145 note 2} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 32.

^{page 145 note 3} Ibid., 31.

^{page 145 note 4} Post, pp. 166–8.

^{page 145 note 5} Bourdon, L., ‘Les voyages de S. Mayeul en Italie, Itinéraires et Chronologie’, Mélanges d'Archéologie et d'Histoire, XLIII, 61–88 (École Française de Rome, 1926).CrossRef Google Scholar

^{page 145 note 6} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 754; Herrgott, Fetus Disciplina Monastica, 311.

^{page 145 note 7} Consuetudines Monasticae, ed. B. Albers, i, 54, 72, 82. 82.

^{page 145 note 8} Ibid., i, 138.

^{page 145 note 9} Herrgott, op. cit., 298; Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 560, 1619, 1635.

^{page 145 note 10} Cf. G. Forrest Browne, The Cultus of St. Peter and St. Paul, 46–81.

^{page 146 note 1} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlii, 908.

^{page 146 note 2} Ibid., cxlv, 873–4.

^{page 146 note 3} Herrgott, op. cit., 145, 160.

^{page 146 note 4} R. Graham, English Ecclesiastical Studies, 4–7, 25–8.

^{page 147 note 1} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 1–206; Herrgott, op. cit., 39–132; Migne, Patrologia Latina, cl, 1194–1300.

^{page 147 note 2} Revue Bénédictine, xvii, 164, 165; xxiv, 374–85; U. Berlière, L'Ascèse bénédictine, 30.

^{page 147 note 3} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 137–9; reprinted by V. Mortet; cf. Appendix I, post, p. 176.

^{page 147 note 4} Op. cit., pp. 134–364.

^{page 147 note 5} Spicilegium, ed. L. d'Achery, IV. 21–226 (1671); Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 634–778.

^{page 147 note 6} Herrgott, op. cit., 229, 230.

^{page 147 note 7} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 764.

^{page 148 note 1} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 183.

^{page 148 note 2} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 561.

^{page 148 note 3} Consuetudines Monasticae, i. 57.

^{page 148 note 4} Ibid., i, 12, 22, 26, 82, 127, 183.

^{page 148 note 5} Poupardin, Monuments de l'histoire des abbayes de Saint Philibert, pp. xxvii–xl (‘Collection de textes pour servir à l'étude de l'histoire’, vol. xxxviii, 1905).Google Scholar

^{page 148 note 6} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 718.

^{page 148 note 7} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 144, 147.

^{page 148 note 8} Ibid., 164; Herrgott, op. cit., 249; Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 757.

^{page 148 note 9} Herrgott, op. cit., 248, 257.

^{page 148 note 10} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 702, 743.

^{page 148 note 11} Rodulfi Glabri Historiarum Libri quinque, ed, M. Prou, 110 (‘Collection de textes pour servir à l'étude de l'histoire’, vol. i, 1886).Google Scholar

^{page 148 note 12} F. Cabrol, Dictionnaire d'archéologie chrétienne et de liturgie, vol. iii, pt. 2, 1581–1612.

^{page 149 note 1} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlii, 908, 941,942; O. M. Dalton, Byzantine Art and Architecture, 533.

^{page 149 note 2} Rodulfi Glabri Historiarum Libri quinque, 110.

^{page 149 note 3} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 139.

^{page 149 note 4} Herrgott, op. cit., 226; Migne, op. cit., cxlix, 653, cap. viii; Cabrol, Dictionnaire d'archéologie chrétienne et de lilurgie, vol. iii, pt. 2, 2231.

^{page 149 note 5} Herrgott, op. cit., 245; post, p. 167.

^{page 149 note 6} Ibid., 247; Migne, op. cit., cxlix, 653.

^{page 149 note 7} Herrgott, op. cit., 336; Migne, op. cit., cxlix, 675; L. Raffin, ‘Le Château de Lourdon’, Millénaire de Cluny, ii, 164–210.

^{page 149 note 8} Consuetudines Monacticae, i, e.g. 7, 54, 72.

^{page 149 note 9} Ibid. I am indebted to Abbot Cabrol, O.S.B., for the translation of these words; cf. V. Mortet, Recueil de textes relatifs à l'histoire de l'architecture…en France au Moyen Âge, Glossaire.

^{page 149 note 10} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 10, 14, 70, 72, 98.

^{page 149 note 11} Ibid., ii, 23; cf. Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 670.

^{page 150 note 1} D. Rock, The Church of our Fathers, ed. G. W. Hart and W. H. Frere, iii, 357.

^{page 150 note 2} Liber Eliensis, ed. D. J. Stewart, 249 (Anglia Christiana Society).

^{page 150 note 3} Chronicon de Bello, ed. J. S. Brewer, 37 (Anglia Christiana Society).

^{page 150 note 4} Bulletin des Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire, July 1930, pp. 93–6.Google Scholar

^{page 150 note 5} Darcel, A., Trésor de l'Église de Conques, 36–40, plate (1861).Google Scholar

^{page 150 note 6} A Guide to the Mediaeval Antiquities, British Museum, 232, 233, pl. XIII (1924).Google Scholar

^{page 150 note 7} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 7, 10, 54, 72, 183.

^{page 150 note 8} Ibid., 10, 33; Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlii, 941.

^{page 150 note 9} Lasteyrie, R. de, L'Architecture religieuse en France à l'époque romane, 686–8 (ed. 1929).Google Scholar

^{page 150 note 10} Rodulfi Glabri Historiarum Libri quinque, ed. M. Prou, 21, 22.

^{page 151 note 1} Mabillon, Annales Ordinis S. Benedicti, iv, 241.

^{page 151 note 2} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 11, 44, 71, 75.

^{page 151 note 3} Rodulfi Glabri Historiarum Libri quinque, ed. M. Prou, 99–103.

^{page 151 note 4} Jardet, Vie de S. Odilon, 607.

^{page 151 note 5} Herrgott, op. cit., 246.

^{page 151 note 6} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 69.

^{page 151 note 7} O. M. Dalton, East Christian Art, pl. xxxix; Byzantine Art and Architecture, 430; Diehl, C., L'Art Byzantine, II, 563–6 (ed. 1926).Google Scholar

^{page 151 note 8} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 24, 87, 100.

^{page 151 note 9} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlv, 873–4.

^{page 151 note 10} L. Delisle, Inventaire des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque Nationale, Fonds de Cluny, p. 351, nos. 253, 254.

^{page 151 note 11} Bedae Opera, ed. J. A. Giles, viii, 225–367; ix, 262–359.

^{page 151 note 12} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 185; A. Wilmart, ‘Le Couvent et la bibliothèque de Cluny vers le milieu du XI^e siècle’, Revue Mabillon, xi, 123.

^{page 152 note 1} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 643.

^{page 152 note 2} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 43–5; cf. Migne, op. cit., cxlix, 698; Herrgott, op. cit., 258, cap. lxiv.

^{page 152 note 3} Liber Pontiftcalis, ed. L. Duchesne (1886), i, cxlvi.Google Scholar

^{page 152 note 4} Lubke, W., Ecclesiastical Art in Germany during the Middle Ages (translated by L. A. Wheatley, ed. 1876), 172.Google Scholar

^{page 152 note 5} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1368, cap. lii.

^{page 152 note 6} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 164; cf. Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 656.

^{page 152 note 7} Ibid., ii, 60; Migne, op. cit., cxlix, 656; cf. Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1368, cap. lii.

^{page 153 note 1} Rodulfi Glabri Historiarum Libri quinque, 125.

^{page 153 note 2} Wilmart, A., ‘Le Couvent et la bibliothèque de Cluny vers le milieu du XI^e siècle’, Revue Mabillon, XI, 117 (1921).Google Scholar

^{page 153 note 3} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 660.

^{page 153 note 4} Gallia Christiana, iv, 1131.

^{page 153 note 5} E. Petit, Histoire de Bourgogne, i, 207, note 1, 208.

^{page 153 note 6} E. Bishop, Origin of the Prymer, p. xv (Early English Text Society, Original Series, 109, Part II); Migne, op. cit., cxlix, 687.

^{page 153 note 7} E. Bishop, op. cit., xxiv; Migne, op. cit., 646, 647; cf. Statutes of Peter the Venerable, cap. lxi, Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1370.

^{page 153 note 8} H. K. Mann, Lives of the Popes in the early Middle Ages, vii, 250–5; Mabillon, Annales ordinis S. Benedicti, v, 215.

^{page 154 note 1} Decreti tertia pars Dist. i, cap. xx; Decretal. Gregor. ix, Lib. iii, tit. xxxix, cap. vi. Corpus juris Canonici, ed. Friedberg, i, 1299; ii, 634.

^{page 154 note 2} Herrgott, op. cit., 262.

^{page 154 note 3} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlv, 873, 874.

^{page 154 note 4} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 431; cf. Vita S. Hugonis by Gilon, L'Huillier, Vie de S. Hugues (Appendix), 606.

^{page 154 note 5} Recueil du Millénaire de Cluny, ii, 236–45, pl. XI.

^{page 154 note 6} Ibid., 246, 247.

^{page 155 note 1} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1640.

^{page 155 note 2} Dictionary of National Biography, xlix, 101; Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. A. Le Prevost, ii, 415, 421–3.

^{page 155 note 3} Orderic Vitalis, op. cit., ed. A. Le Prevost, ii, 301 (Société de l'Histoire de France); Dictionary of National Biography, xlii, 241.

^{page 155 note 4} Recueil des Chartes de Cluny, iv, 697.

^{page 155 note 5} Ibid., iv, 627, 697; L'Huillier, Vie de St. Hugues, 584.

^{page 156 note 1} I am indebted to Dr. G. F. Hill, F.S.A., for this information.

^{page 156 note 2} Poupardin, Monuments de l'histoire des abbayes de St. Philibert, 104, note 3.

^{page 156 note 3} L'Huillier, Vie de St. Hugues, 605, 606.

^{page 156 note 4} Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. Le Prevost, iii, 463; iv, 298, 426; v, 29–31.

^{page 156 note 5} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, passim; Recueil des Chartes de Cluny, vols. iv and v.

^{page 156 note 6} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1627–84.

^{page 156 note 7} Ibid., 1617–27.

^{page 157 note 1} e.g. cf. Mabillon, Annales ordinis S. Benedicti, vi, 186.

^{page 157 note 2} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 518, 519; cf. Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. Le Prevost, iii, 463.

^{page 157 note 3} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1368, cap. liv.

^{page 157 note 4} L. Delisle, Inventaire des Manuscrits de la Bibliothèque Nationale, Fonds de Cluny, p. 233, no. 129.

^{page 157 note 5} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 515.

^{page 157 note 6} Baluze, E., Miscellanea, VI, 474 (ed. 1713).Google Scholar

^{page 158 note 1} Mabillon, Annales ordinis S. Benedicti, vi, 187; cf. A. de Yepez, Crónica de la Orden de S. Benito, vi, 436 (1617).

^{page 158 note 2} Guibert of Nogent, Histoire de sa Vie, p. 200 (‘Collection de textes pour servir à l'étude de l'histoire’, xl, 1907).Google Scholar

^{page 158 note 3} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1643.

^{page 158 note 4} a fundamentis inchoavit. Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. Le Prevost, iv, 298.

^{page 158 note 5} L'Huillier, , Vie de St. Hugues, Appendix, 574–618 (1888).Google Scholar

^{page 158 note 6} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 413–28; L'Huillier, op. cit., 565–72.

^{page 158 note 7} L'Huillier, Vie de St. Hugues, 606.

^{page 158 note 8} Bulletin Monumental, LXXXVII, 55–64 (1928).Google Scholar

^{page 158 note 9} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 557–61; L'Huillier, Vie de St. Hugues, 565.

^{page 159 note 1} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 564; Recueil du Millénaire, ii, 239, 240, pl. XI.

^{page 159 note 2} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 560, 1368, cap. liii.

^{page 159 note 3} Recueil du Millénaire, ii, 240.

^{page 159 note 4} Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. Le Prevost, iv, 426.

^{page 159 note 5} Historia Ecclesiastica, v, 30, 31; Recueil des Charles de Cluny, v, 360, note.

^{page 159 note 6} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 704.

^{page 159 note 7} Epistolarum, Lib. iii, no. 11; Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 794; G. F. Duckett, Charters and Records of Cluny, ii, 105; in 1458, on a petition from Cluny to Henry VI, which contained several chronological errors, it was alleged that Abbot Hugh approached Henry I, Duckett, op. cit., ii, 77.

^{page 159 note 8} L. Delisle, ‘Matériaux pour l'Édition de Guillaume de Jumièges’, Bibliothèque de l'École des Chartes, lxxi, 506–26; Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 900; Dictionary of National Biography, xlviii, 369.

^{page 160 note 1} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 553.

^{page 160 note 2} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 903; Dictionary of National Biography, xxvi, 112.

^{page 160 note 3} Calendar of Documents preserved in France, ed. J. H. Round, 507; Bernard et Bruel, Recueil des Chartes de Cluny, 369, 370.

^{page 160 note 4} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1381.

^{page 160 note 5} Ibid., 1360, cap. xix; 1361, cap. xxiii.

^{page 160 note 6} Martène, E., Veterum Scriptorum Amplissima Collectio, VI, 1192, 1193 (1729), from a manuscript at Souvigny; reprinted in Migne, Patrologia Latina, clxxxix, 15–27.Google Scholar

^{page 160 note 7} e.g. Kingsley Porter, Romanesque Sculpture of the Pilgrimage Roads, i, 80–2; J. H. Pignot, Histoire de l'Ordre de Cluny, ii, 152.

^{page 161 note 1} Cabrol, Dictionnaire d'archéologie chrétienne et de liturgie, ii, 374–405.

^{page 161 note 2} Bouquet, Recueil des historiens de la France, xiv, 99.

^{page 161 note 3} Baluze, Miscellanea, vi, 474 (ed. 1713); Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1639.

^{page 161 note 4} Annales ordinis S. Benedicti, v, 356, 806; cf. the Life of Pope Urban II by Ruinart, Dom: ‘Verum cum nimium tune adhuc esset imperfecta curavit sanctus abbas res ita disponi ut saltem majus altare adveniente pontifice eo in statu esset ut posset ab eo consecrari’, Ouvrages posthumes de D. Jean Mabillon et D. Thierri Ruinart, ed. Thullier, iii, 198 (1724).Google Scholar

^{page 161 note 5} Recueil du Millénaire de Cluny, ii, 246, 247.

^{page 161 note 6} L'Architecture religieuse en France à l'époque romane, 424, note 4 (ed. 1929).Google Scholar

^{page 161 note 7} Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. Le Prevost, v, 29–31.

^{page 161 note 8} G. F. Duckett, Charters and Records of Cluny, ii, 104, 105.

^{page 162 note 1} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlix, 896, 897; cf. ante, p. 150, n. 3.

^{page 162 note 2} Duckett, op. cit., ii, 78.

^{page 162 note 3} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1640.

^{page 162 note 4} Exodus, xxv, 31, xxxvii, 17.

^{page 162 note 5} Bedae Opera, viii, 252.

^{page 162 note 6} Consuetudines Monasticae, iii, 151; R. Graham, English Ecclesiastical Studies, i, 2.

^{page 162 note 7} W. Lübke, Ecclesiastical Art in Germany, 176, 177.

^{page 162 note 8} M. A. Lenoir, Monumens de France (ed. 1840), p. 24, pl. XIX.

^{page 163 note 1} J. Virey, ‘St. Hugues et la Chapelle de Berzé’, Annales de l'Académie de Mâcon, troisième série, xxv, 445–50.

^{page 163 note 2} ‘Peintures Murales de la Chapelle du Château des Moines de Cluny à Berzé-la-Ville’. Millénaire de Cluny, ii, 248–56, pls. XII–XIX; Marten, Lex et P., ‘Peintures Murales de la Chapelle du Château des Moines de Cluny à Berzé la Ville’, Bulletin archéologique du Comite des Travaux historiques et scientifiques, 1893, no. 3.Google Scholar

^{page 163 note 3} O. M. Dalton, Byzantine Art and Architecture, 358.

^{page 163 note 4} Diehl, C., Manuel d'Art Byzantin, II, 715 (ed. 1926); O. M. Dalton, op. cit., 266, 428.Google Scholar

^{page 164 note 1} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 790.

^{page 164 note 2} O. M. Dalton, Byzantine Art and Architecture, 266.

^{page 164 note 3} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1645.

^{page 164 note 4} Ibid. 1645.

^{page 164 note 5} E. G. Millar, English Illuminated Manuscripts from the tenth to the thirteenth century, p. 34.

^{page 164 note 6} H. Buriot-Darsiles et J. Locquin, Le Musée de Moulins, 64–72 (Les Cahiers du Centre, 1915).Google Scholar

^{page 164 note 7} MS. Add. 11, 662, British Museum; Revue de l'Art Chrétien, 3rd series, VIII, 122–8 (1890).Google Scholar

^{page 164 note 8} MS. Fonds de Cluny, no. 129; L. Delisle, Inventaire des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque Nationale, Fonds de Cluny, p. 223.

^{page 164 note 9} O. M. Dalton, Byzantine Art and Architecture, 655; Male, E., L'Art religieux du XIl^e siècle en France, 95 (ed. 1922).Google Scholar

^{page 165 note 1} Revue de l'Art Chrétien, 3rd series, VI, 195–205 (1888).Google Scholar

^{page 165 note 2} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 551.

^{page 165 note 3} E. Martène, Veterum Scriptorum et Monumentorum Amplissima Collectio, vi, 1192, 1193.

^{page 165 note 4} G. F. Duckett, Charters and Records of Cluny, i, 80, 81, ii. 81.

^{page 165 note 5} E. Molinier, Histoire générale des Arts appliqués a l'Industrie, iv, 53.

^{page 165 note 6} G. F. Duckett, Charters and Records of Cluny, ii, 77, 83.

^{page 166 note 1} Ante, p. 144.

^{page 166 note 2} Voyage Littéraire de deux religieux Bénédictins de la Congrégation de St.-Maur, Part I, 223 (1717); cf. Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1646, 1647.

^{page 166 note 3} Benoit, F., L'Abbaye de Montmajour (1928), p. 47.Google Scholar

^{page 166 note 4} Congrès Archéologique de France, Blois (1926), p. 294.Google Scholar

^{page 166 note 5} Congrès Archéologique de France, Rouen (1927), p. 571.Google Scholar

^{page 167 note 1} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 138, 164.

^{page 168 note 1} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, p. 1631; cf. p. 8. The first church, which had long since disappeared, was twice wrongly identified with St. Pierre le Vieux by the grand prior of Cluny late in the fifteenth century, ibid., p. 1633; his error puzzled Dom Martène and Dom Durand: ‘La seconde [église] qu'on appelle St. Pierre le Vieux, où St. Aimart, et peut-être St. Bernon, sont enterrez, est dans le cloitre’, Voyage Littéraire de deux religieux Bénédictins, part I, 278 (1717).Google Scholar

^{page 168 note 2} Ante, p. 145.

^{page 168 note 3} The Benedictines of St. Maur noted, at the cathedral of Mâcon, that the sacristy was part of the early church and one of the most ancient that they had seen. Voyage Littéraire (1717), part 1, 233.Google Scholar

^{page 168 note 4} Millénaire de Cluny, II, 1910, p. 236.Google Scholar

^{page 168 note 5} Ibid., ii, p. 231, and J. Virey, L'Abbaye de Cluny.

^{page 168 note 6} V. Mortet, Recueil des Textes, 1911, p. 135. Reprinted here as an appendix.

^{page 169 note 1} Migne, Patrologia Latina, cxlv, 874.

^{page 169 note 2} M. Herrgott, Vetus Disciplina Monastica, 311.

^{page 169 note 3} Migne, op. cit., cxlix, 754. Lights for a procession were placed ‘ad singulas columnas’.

^{page 169 note 4} Herrgott, op. cit, p. 153. Migne, op. cit., lib. iii, cap. xxii.

^{page 169 note 5} Consuetudines Monasticae, i, 144, cap. vii, 147.

^{page 169 note 6} Herrgott, op. cit., 235.

^{page 169 note 7} Virey, J. in Bull. Mon., 1903, p. 515Google Scholar, and Congrès Arch, de France, Dijon, 1929, p. 368Google Scholar; Oursel, C., L'Art Roman de Bourgogne, 1928, p. 32.Google Scholar

^{page 169 note 8} Falcon, Chron. Trenorchiense, cap. xl, in Poupardin, Monuments de l'histoire des Abbayes de St. Philibert, pp. xliv, 99.

^{page 170 note 1} H. du Ranquet, La Cathedrale de Clermont-Ferrand, p. 33, and in Bull. Mon., 1909, p. 311.Google Scholar

^{page 170 note 2} Schlosser, J., Die Abendlandische Klosteranlage des Früheren Mittelalters, p. 51, fig. 2 (1889).Google Scholar

^{page 171 note 1} Vallery-Radot, J. in Bull. Mon., 1929, p. 243.Google Scholar

^{page 171 note 2} Mettler, A., Kloster Hirsau, 1928.Google Scholar

^{page 171 note 3} Hecht, J., Der Romanische Kirchenbau des Bodenseegebietes, 1928, p. 293 and pl. 199.Google Scholar

^{page 172 note 1} Herrgott, Vetus Disciplines Monastica, 229, 230.

^{page 172 note 2} Virey, J., Paray-le-Monial, 1926.Google Scholar

^{page 172 note 3} C. Porée, L'Abbaye de Vézelay.

^{page 172 note 4} Naef, A. in Bull. Mon., LXX (1906), p. 425.Google Scholar

^{page 172 note 5} F. Deshoulières, Souvigny et Bourbon-l'Archambault.

^{page 173 note 1} Archaeological Journal, lxxxvi, pl. xii, p. 278.

^{page 173 note 2} J. Virey, Paray-le-Monial, p. 96.

^{page 173 note 3} Herrgott, Vetus Disciplina Monastica, 143.

^{page 174 note 1} Herrgott, Vetus Disciplina Monastica, 141.

^{page 174 note 2} Consnetudines Monasticae, i, 176.

^{page 174 note 3} Herrgott, op. cit., 143.

^{page 174 note 4} Florilegium Cassinense, p. 121; cf. Expositio Regule ab Hildemaro tradita, ed. R. Mittermuller (1880), p. 406.Google Scholar

^{page 175 note 1} Professor Conant has kindly supplied me with a plan of the foundations discovered by him in 1929 within the area of the existing cloister. They would appear to lie below the lines of the arcades of the nave of the second church.

^{page 177 note 1} The list is based on the chronicle compiled by the grand prior of Cluny late in the fifteenth century, Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, pp. 1627–86; cf. ante, 156, 157, 168 note 1.

^{page 177 note 2} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 12. For burials of bishops and abbots in churches from the ninth century, cf. F. W. Muncey, A History of the Consecration of Churches and Churchyards, 120–2.

^{page 177 note 3} Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, ed. Le Prevost, iv, 298.

^{page 177 note 4} Bibliotheca Cluniacensis, 1643.

^{page 177 note 5} Orderic Vitalis, op. cit., iv, 299, 427.

^{page 177 note 6} Ibid., iv, 298.

^{page 178 note 1} Gams, Series Episcoporum, 431; W. Miller, The Latins in the Levant, 52.

Article contents

VI.—The Monastery of Cluny, 910–1155

Extract

Access options

References

Save article to Kindle

Save article to Dropbox

Save article to Google Drive

Reply to: Submit a response

Your details

You have entered the maximum number of contributors

Conflicting interests