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Effects of a targeted shrimp (Penaeus notialis) exploitation on fish catches in the Gambia estuary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2004

Raymond Laë ,
Jean-Marc Ecoutin ,
Asber Mendy ,
Jean Raffray ,
Jean-Yves Weigel ,
Omar Sadio  and
Ousmane Djobe
Raymond Laë*
Affiliation:
IRD, BP 1386, Dakar, Senegal
Jean-Marc Ecoutin
Affiliation:
IRD, BP 1386, Dakar, Senegal
Asber Mendy
Affiliation:
Fisheries Department of the Gambia, 6 Col. Muammar Ghaddafi Avenue, Banjul, The Gambia
Jean Raffray
Affiliation:
IRD, BP 1386, Dakar, Senegal
Jean-Yves Weigel
Affiliation:
IRD, BP 1386, Dakar, Senegal
Omar Sadio
Affiliation:
IRD, BP 1386, Dakar, Senegal
Ousmane Djobe
Affiliation:
Fisheries Department of the Gambia, 6 Col. Muammar Ghaddafi Avenue, Banjul, The Gambia
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

Results of an annual survey of fishing activities and catches in the Gambia estuary (200 km long), carried out from June 2001 to May 2002, indicated that fishing effort targets mainly (66% of fishing trips) shrimps. As a result of the globalisation of fish markets, the fishery has become a quasi mono-exploitation of shrimp for exporting. At the opposite, fishing activities focusing on fish were low and carried out with large and medium mesh drift nets, gill nets and surrounding nets (17% of fishing trips), handlines and longlines (15%). The annual catch, estimated at 2350 tonnes for the estuarine part of the River Gambia, consisted of 1800 t of fish and 550 t of shrimp. Stownets were the most efficient gear accounting for 50% of the total production (550 t of shrimp and 600 t of fish) while other significant techniques were mainly drift nets (21%), longlines (11%) and gillnets (5%). Fish catches were composed with 55 fish species among which 16 species accounted for 90% of the annual catch. The average catch length of these first sixteen species was 295 mm, clearly demonstrating that fishing for fish was targeting large fish. The effects of the targeted shrimp exploitation resulted in a low fishing effort for fish leading to low fish landings and consequently to an under exploitation of fish resource in the Gambia estuary.

Keywords

Artisanal fisheriesGambia estuaryFish statisticsFinfishShrimpMono-exploitation
Type
Research Article
Information
Aquatic Living Resources , Volume 17 , Issue 1 , January 2004 , pp. 75 - 85
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD, 2004

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