Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T23:03:31.933Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Planning Punic cities: geophysical prospection and the built environment at Motya, Sicily

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2020

Jason T. Herrmann*
Affiliation:
Center for the Analysis of Archaeological Materials, The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, USA Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, USA
Paola Sconzo
Affiliation:
Institut für die Kulturen des Alten Orients, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Germany
*
*Author for correspondence: ✉ [email protected]

Abstract

The urban plan of ancient Motya on the Isola di San Pantaleo on the west coast of Sicily and its relationship to developments in Phoenician and Punic societies have been investigated since the early 1960s. Data from geophysical surveys in the north-eastern quadrant of Motya show the regular organisation of urban insulae framed by two broad roads. These results, combined with data from previous nearby excavations, improve the modelling of Motya's layout, and contribute to the wider discussion of Phoenician/Punic and broader Mediterranean urban traditions between the sixth and fourth centuries BC.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aubet, M.E. 1995. From trading post to town in the Phoenician-Punic world, in Cunfliffe, B. & Keay, S.J. (ed.) Social complexity and the development of towns in Iberia, from the Copper Age to the second century AD (Proceedings of the British Academy 86): 4765. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Aubet, M.E. 2001. The Phoenicians and the West: politics, colonies and the trade. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cahill, N. 2008. Household and city organization at Olynthus. New Haven (CT): Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Courtois, J.-C. 1982. L'activité métallurgique et les bronzes d'Enkomi au Bronze Récent, in Muhly, J.D., Maddin, R. & Karageorghis, V. (ed.) Early metallurgy in Cyprus, 4000–500 BC: 155–75. Nicosia: Pierides Foundation.Google Scholar
van Dommelen, P. 1997. Colonial constructs: colonialism and archaeology in the Mediterranean. World Archaeology 28: 305–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.1997.9980350CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Dommelen, P. 2005. Urban foundations? Colonial settlement and urbanization in the Western Mediterranean. Proceedings of the British Academy 126: 143–67. https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263259.003.0007Google Scholar
Donati, J.C., Sarris, A., Papadopoulos, N., Kalaycı, T., Simon, F.-X., Manataki, M., Moffat, I. & Cuenca-García, C.. 2017. A regional approach to ancient urban studies in Greece through multi-settlement geophysical survey. Journal of Field Archaeology 42: 450–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2017.1365565CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elayi, J. & Sayegh, H.. 1998. Un quartier du port phénicien de Beyrouth au Fer III/Perse. Paris: Gabalda.Google Scholar
Ernenwein, E., Hargrave, M.L., Cothren, J. & Avery, G.. 2014. Streamlined archaeo-geophysical data processing and integration for Department of Defense field use (Technical Report RC-200611. ERDC/CERL TR-14-25). Arlington (VA): Environmental Security Technology Certification Program Office, Department of Defense.Google Scholar
Falsone, G. 1988a. La Scoperta, lo Scavo e il Contesto Archeologico, in Bonacasa, N. & Buttitta, A. (ed.) La Statua Marmorea di Mozia e la Scultura di Stile Severo in Sicilia (Atti Del Convegno Di Studi, Marsala 1 Giugno 1986). Roma: Erma di Bretschneider.Google Scholar
Falsone, G. 1988b. The Bronze Age occupation and the Phoenician foundation at Motya. Bulletin of the Institute of Archaeology London 25: 3153.Google Scholar
Falsone, G. 1989. Zona K. La quarta campagna di scavo. Sicilia Archeologica XXII: 5163.Google Scholar
Falsone, G. & Sconzo, P.. 2017. New investigations in the north-east quarter of Motya: the archaic cemetery and Building J. Folia Phoenicia 1: 6269.Google Scholar
Famà, M.L. 2002. Mozia: gli scavi nella zona A dell'abitato. Bari: Edipuglia.Google Scholar
Fantar, M. 1984. Kerkouane: cité punique du Cap Bon, Tunisie. Tunis: Institut National d'Archéologie et d'Art.Google Scholar
The Garbage Patch State. 2018. Mozia (TP): the age of plastic site specifics. Available at: http://www.garbagepatchstate.org/eng/gallery/THE+ISLAND+OF+MOZIA%2C+SICILY+-+September%2C+25+2016_20.html (accessed 19 May 2020).Google Scholar
Fisher, K.D. & Creekmore, A.T.I.. 2014. Making ancient cities: new perspectives on the production of urban places, in Creekmore, A.T.I. & Fisher, K.D. (ed.) Making ancient cities: space and place in early urban societies: 131. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107110274.002Google Scholar
Fresina, A. 1990. Saggi di scavo a Mozia. Breve nota preliminare, in Pisano, G. (ed.) Da Mozia a Marsala: un crocevia della civiltà mediterranea (Convegno Nazionale, Marsala, 45 Aprile 1987)149–51. Marsala: Rotary Club Marsala.Google Scholar
Fumadó Ortega, I. 2013. Cartago Fenicio-Púnica: arqueología de la forma urbana. Sevilla: Secretariado de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Sevilla.Google Scholar
Geer, R.M. 1954. Library of history, volume X: Diodorus Siculus (Loeb Classical Library 390). Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Goodman, D. & Klein, J.. 2011. GPR-slice v7.0 ground penetrating radar imaging software user's manual. Woodland Hills (CA): Geophysical Archaeometry Laboratory Inc.Google Scholar
Isserlin, B.S.J. 1971. New light on the ‘cothon’ at Motya. Antiquity 45: 178–86. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003598X00069477CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Isserlin, B.S.J. & du Plat Taylor, J.. 1974. Motya: a Phoenician and Carthaginian city in Sicily (volume 1). Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Kemp, B.J. 2006. Ancient Egypt: anatomy of a civilization. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203468821Google Scholar
Kvamme, K.L. 2006. Data processing and interpretation, in Johnson, J.K. (ed.) Remote sensing in archaeology: an explicitly North American perspective: 236–50. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Marcus, J. & Sabloff, J.A. (ed.). 2008. The ancient city: new perspectives on urbanism in the Old and New World. Santa Fe (NM): School for Advanced Research Press.Google Scholar
Matisoo-Smith, E. et al. 2018. Ancient mitogenomes of Phoenicians from Sardinia and Lebanon: a story of settlement, integration, and female mobility. PLoS ONE 13: e0190169. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190169CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
di Mauro, D., Alfonsi, L., Sapia, V., Nigro, L. & Marchetti, M.. 2011. First field magnetometer investigation at the Phoenician island of Mozia (Trapani), north-western Sicily: preliminary results. Archaeological Prospection 18: 215–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.417Google Scholar
di Mauro, D., Alfonsi, L., Sapi, V. & Urbini, S.. 2014. A neighborhood revealed by geophysical prospection: an example of urbanization at the Phoenician-Punic settlement of Mozia (western Sicily, Italy). Journal of Applied Geophysics 104: 114–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2014.02.021CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mertens, D. 2003. Selinus 1: die Stadt und ihre Mauern. Mainz am Rhein: Philipp von Zabern.Google Scholar
Mertens, D. & Schützenberger, M.. 2006. Städte und Bauten der Westgriechen: von der Kolonisationszeit bis zur Krise um 400 vor Christus. München: Hirmer.Google Scholar
Niemeyer, H.G. 2000. The early Phoenician city-states on the Mediterranean: archaeological elements for their description, in Hansen, M.H. (ed.) A comparative study of thirty city-state cultures: an investigation: 89115. Copenhagen: Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and LettersGoogle Scholar
Nigro, L. 2009a. Il tempio del Kothon e le origini fenicie di Mozia. Naves Plenis Velis Euntes 77118.Google Scholar
Nigro, L. 2009b. Il tempio del Kothon e il ruolo delle aree sacre nello sviluppo urbano di Mozia dall'VIII al IV sec. a.C., in Helas, S. & Marzoli, D. (ed.) Phönizisches und Punisches Städtewesen: Akten der Internationlen Tagung in Rom vom 21 bis 23 Februar 2007 (Iberia Archaeologica 13): 241–70. Mainz am Rhein: Phillipp von Zabern.Google Scholar
Nigro, L. 2018. La Sapienza a Mozia 2010–2016: il primo insediamento fenicio, l'area sacra di Baal e Astarte, il Tofet, la necropoli, l'abitato, i nuovi scavi alle mura: una sintesi, in Guirguris, M. (ed.) From the Mediterranean to the Atlantic: people, goods and ideas between East and West (Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of Phoenician and Punic Studies, Folia Phoenicia 2): 253–77. Pisa: Fabrizio Serra.Google Scholar
Oimoen, M.J. 2000. An effective filter for removal of production artifacts in U.S. Geological Survey 7.5-minute digital elevation models, in Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Applied Geologic Remote Sensing, 6–8 November, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA: 311–19. Ann Arbor (MI): Veridian ERIM International.Google Scholar
Petrie, S.W.M.F. & Sayce, A.H.. 1891. Illahun, Kahun and Gurob. London: David Nutt.Google Scholar
Rakob, F. 1983. Architecture royale numide. Publications de l’École Française de Rome 66: 325–48.Google Scholar
de Reu, J. et al. 2013. Towards a three-dimensional cost-effective registration of the archaeological heritage. Journal of Archaeological Science 40: 1108–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2012.08.040CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sciotti, M., Pastina, D., Colone, F. & Cucciarelli, T.. 2004. Prospezioni archeologiche tramite GPR (georadar) nell'isola di Mozia –XXII campagna, 2002, in Nigro, L. (ed.) Mozia X: rapporto preliminare della XXII campagna di scavi (2002). Condotta congiuntamente con il Servizio Beni Archeologici della Soprintendenza Regionale per i Beni Culturali ed Ambientali di Trapani (Quaderni di Archeologia Fenicio-Punica 1): 413–28. Roma: Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza’.Google Scholar
Shalev, Y. & Martin, S.R.. 2012. Crisis as opportunity: Phoenician urban renewal after the Babylonians. Transeuphratène 41: 81100.Google Scholar
Smith, M.E. 2007. Form and meaning in the earliest cities: a new approach to ancient urban planning. Journal of Planning History 6: 347. https://doi.org/10.1177/1538513206293713CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spanò Giammellaro, A. 1990. I vetri policromi di Mozia, in Pisano, G. (ed.) Da Mozia a Marsala: un crocevia della civiltà mediterranea: 6772. Roma: Rotary Club Marsala.Google Scholar
Zalloua, P.A. et al. 2008. Identifying genetic traces of historical expansions: Phoenician footprints in the Mediterranean. American Journal of Human Genetics 83: 633–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.10.012CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zenzen, N. 2015. Hippodamos and Phoenicia: on city planning and social order in a transcultural context, in Flüchter, A. & Schöttli, J. (ed.) The dynamics of transculturality: concepts and institutions in motion: 7797. Cham: Springer International. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09740-4_4Google Scholar