Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-17T10:22:38.197Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Reading Catullus 113 as the Vilification of Pompey's Ex-Wife Mucia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2022

Tom Hillard*
Affiliation:
Macquarie University Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Written in 55 BCE, carmen 113 seemingly uses the first two consulships of Pompey to measure a decline in moral standards, with one unfortunate woman as the yardstick of sexual profligacy. It closes with a focus on marital infidelity. The epigram should be read as a savage attack upon Mucia, the one-time wife of Pompey. This paper affirms her identity by postulating a punning wordplay on Mucia and C(a)ecilia that made this identification clear to the poet's readership. No textual emendation is required. It is also proposed that the observation regarding adultery, no mere aphorism, queried the legitimacy of one or more of Pompey's children.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Australasian Society for Classical Studies

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, J. N. (1981), ‘A Type of Sexual Euphemism in Latin’, Phoenix 35.2, 120–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adams, J. N. (1982), The Latin Sexual Vocabulary. Baltimore.Google Scholar
Affortunati, M. (2004), Plutarco: Vita di Bruto. Frankfurt am Main.Google Scholar
Agnesini, A. (2012), ‘Una possibile rilettura dei carmi 113 e 94 di Catullo sulle tracce di un ciclo di Mucia’, Exemplaria Classica, 16, 4573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, W. S. (1965), Vox Latina. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Badian, E. (2016), ‘Mucia Tertia’, in Goldberg, S. M. (ed.), OCD5. Oxford.Google Scholar
Baehrens, A. (1874), Analecta Catulliana. Jena.Google Scholar
Baehrens, A. (1876, 1885, 1893 [Schulz]), Catulli Veronensis Liber. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Bardon, H. (1970), Catulli Carmina. Brussels.Google Scholar
Bauman, R. A. (1992), Women and Politics in Ancient Rome. London.Google Scholar
Beness, J. L., and Hillard, T. (2012), ‘Another Voice Against the “Tyranny” of Scipio Aemilianus in 129?’, Historia 61.1, 270–81.Google Scholar
Beness, J. L., and Hillard, T. (2016), ‘Wronging Sempronia’, Antichthon 50, 80106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, K. R. (1991), Discovering the Roman Family. Studies in Roman Social History. Oxford and New York.Google Scholar
Broughton, T. R. S. (1951), The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Atlanta.Google Scholar
Butrica, J. L. (2007), ‘History and Transmission of the Text’, in Skinner (2007), 13–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casasus, J. D. (ed.) (1905), Las Poesías de Cayo Valerio Catulo. Mexico.Google Scholar
Cazzaniga, E. (1940), Catulli Veronensis Liber. Turin.Google Scholar
Ceronetti, G. (ed.) (2019), Gaio Valerio Catullo. Le Poesie. Milan.Google Scholar
Cichorius, K. (1908), Untersuchungen zu Lucilius. Berlin.Google Scholar
Copley, F. O. (1964), Catullus: The Complete Poetry. Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Della Corte, F. (1976), Personaggi Catulliani. 2nd ed. Florence.Google Scholar
Damon, C. (2018), ‘Name Your Price! On the Assessments of Value and the Value of Assessments in Lucilius’, in Breed, B. W., Keitel, E., and Wallace, R. (eds.), Lucilius and Satire in Second-Century BC Rome. Cambridge, 236–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
D'Arbela, E. V. (1951), Catullo. I Carmi. Milan.Google Scholar
Dench, E. (1995), From Barbarians to New Men. Greek, Roman, and Modern Perceptions of Peoples from the Central Apennines. Oxford.Google Scholar
Deroux, C. (1970), ‘A propos de l'attitude politique de Catulle’, Latomus 29.3, 608631.Google Scholar
Dettmer, H. (1997), Love by the Numbers. Form and Meaning in the Poetry of Catullus. New York.Google Scholar
Dolç, M. (ed.) (1997), G. Valerio Catulo Poesías. 4th ed. First published 1963. Madrid.Google Scholar
Edwards, C. (1993), The Politics of Immorality in Ancient Rome. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eilers, C. (2002), Roman Patrons of Greek Cities. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eilers, C. and Milner, N. P. (1995), ‘Q. Mucius Scaevola and Oenoanda: A New Inscription’, Anatolian Studies 45, 7389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellis, R. (1878), Catulli Veronensis Liber. Oxford.Google Scholar
Ellis, R. (1889), A Commentary on Catullus. Oxford.Google Scholar
Ellis, R. (1904), Catulli Carmina. Oxford.Google Scholar
Fantham, E. (1991), ‘Stuprum: Public Attitudes and Penalties for Sexual Offences in Republican Rome’, Echos du Monde Classique/Classical Views 35, n.s. 10, 267–91.Google Scholar
Farney, G. D. (2007), Ethnic Identity and Aristocratic Competition in Republican Rome. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Ferriss, J. L. (2009), ‘Catullus Poem 71: Another Foot Pun’, CPh 104. 3, 376–84.Google Scholar
Fluss, M. (1933), ‘Mucia 28’, RE 16.1. Stuttgart, col. 449.Google Scholar
Fordyce, C. J. (1961), Catullus. A Commentary. Oxford.Google Scholar
Friedrich, G. (1908), Catulli Veronensis liber. Leipzig and Berlin.Google Scholar
Fusi, A. (2013), ‘La Recensio gennadianae il testo di Marziale’, Segno e testo 11, 79116.Google Scholar
Gabba, E. (1970), Appiani bellorum civilium liber quintus. Florence.Google Scholar
Gaisser, J. H. (1993), Catullus and his Renaissance Readers. Oxford.Google Scholar
Gaisser, J. H. (ed.) (2007), Catullus. Oxford.Google Scholar
Gardiner, J. F. (1989), ‘Aristophanes and Male Anxiety: The Defence of the Oikos’, G&R 36, 5162.Google Scholar
Gardini, N. (2014), Gaio Valerio Catullo Carmina. Milan.Google Scholar
Gelzer, M. (1968), Caesar. Politician and Statesman. Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Gildersleeve, B. L., and Lodge, G. (1895), Gildersleeve's Latin Grammar. 3rd rev. ed. London.Google Scholar
Goold, J. P. (1983), Catullus. London.Google Scholar
Green, P. (2005), The Poems of Catullus. A Bilingual Edition. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London.Google Scholar
Gruen, E. S. (1974), The Last Generation of the Roman Republic. Berkeley.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gruen, E. S. (1992), Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome. Ithaca and New York.Google Scholar
Guzzo, P. G., and Scarano Ussani, V. (2009), Ex corpore lucrum facere. La prostituzione nell'antica Pompei. Rome.Google Scholar
Haley, S. P. (1985), ‘The Five Wives of Pompey the Great’, G&R 32.1, 4959.Google Scholar
Hartz, C. (2007), Catulls Epigramme im Kontext hellenistischer Dichtung. Berlin and New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawkins, S. (2014), ‘Catullus 60: Lesbia, Medea, Clodia, Scylla’, AJPh 135.4, 559–97.Google Scholar
Hemelrijk, E. A. (1999), Matrona Docta. Educated Women in the Roman Élite from Cornelia to Julia Domna. London and New York.Google Scholar
Herescu, N. I. (1941–2), ‘Autour de l'ironie de Catulle’, Revista clasică 13–14, 128–37.Google Scholar
Herrmann, L. (1958), ‘Canidia’, Latomus 17.4, 665–8.Google Scholar
Hillard, T. W. (1989), ‘Republican Politics, Women and the Evidence’, Helios 16, 165–82.Google Scholar
Hillard, T. W. (2019), ‘The Popular Reception of Augustus and the Self-Infantilization of Rome's Citizenry’, in Morrell, K., Osgood, J., and Welch, K. (eds.), The Alternative Augustan Age. Oxford, 305–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hillard, T. W. and Beness, J. L. (2012), ‘Late Antique Memories of Late Republican Political Polemic. Pseudo-Acro ad Hor. Sat. 2.1.67 and a dictum Macedonici’, CQ 62, 816–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holst, H. (1925), Die Wortspiele in Ciceros Reden. Oslo.Google Scholar
Howell, P. (1980), A Commentary on Book One of the Epigrams of Martial. London.Google Scholar
Hunink, V. (2011), Glücklich ist dieser Ort! 1000 Graffiti aus Pompeji. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Ingleheart, J. (2014), ‘Play on the Proper Names of Individuals in the Catullan Corpus: Wordplay, the Iambic Tradition, and the Late Republican Culture of Public Abuse’, JRS 104, 5172.Google Scholar
Jones, C. P. (1966), ‘Towards a Chronology of Plutarch's Works’, JRS 66, 6174.Google Scholar
Keller, O. (1904), Pseudoacronis Scholia in Horatium Vestustiora, Vol. II. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Konstan, D. (2007), ‘The Contemporary Political Context’, in Skinner (2007), 72–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kroll, W. (1923), C. Valerius Catullus. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Kunst, C. (2016), ‘Formen der Intervention einflussreicher Frauen’, in Bielman Sánchez, A., Cogitore, I., et Kolb, A. (eds.), Femmes influentes dans le monde hellénistique et à Rome. UGA Éditions, 197216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lachmann, K. (1829), Q. Valerii Catulli Veronensis Liber. Berlin.Google Scholar
Lafaye, G. (1932), Catulle. Poesies. Paris.Google Scholar
Lateiner, D. (1977), ‘Obscenity in Catullus’, Ramus 6, 1532 [= Gaisser (2007), 261–81].CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leach, E. W. (2001), ‘Gendering Clodius’, CW 94.4, 335–59.Google Scholar
Lenchantin de Gubernatis, M. (1928), Il libro di Catullo. Turin.Google Scholar
Lindsay, W. M. (1963), The Latin Language. An Historical Account of Latin Sounds, Stems, and Flexions. New York and London.Google Scholar
Malcovati, H. (1953), Oratorum Romanorum Fragmenta Liberae Rei Publicae. Turin.Google Scholar
Manuwald, G. (2019), Fragmentary Republican Latin. Oratory Pt 3. Cambridge, MA. and London.Google Scholar
Marmorale, E. V. (1957), L'ultimo Catullo. Naples.Google Scholar
Marshall, B. A. (1985), A Historical Commentary on Asconius. Columbia.Google Scholar
Marshall, B. A. (1987), ‘The Engagement of Faustus Sulla and Pompeia’, Ancient Society 18, 91101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, B. A. (2016), ‘An Aureus of Pompeius Magnus’, Antichthon 50, 107–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merrill, E. T. (1893), Catullus. Cambridge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michie, J. (1972), The Poems of Catullus. London.Google Scholar
Miltner, F. (1952), ‘Pompeius 33’, RE 21, cols 2211–50. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Morelli, A. M. (2001), ‘L'eternità di un istante’, A&R 46, 5979.Google Scholar
Morgan, M. G. (1974), ‘Glaucia and Metellus. A Note on Cicero, De oratore II, 263 and III, 164’, Athenaeum 52, 314–19.Google Scholar
Müller, L. (ed.) (1870), Catulli Tibulli Propertii carmina. Accedunt Laevii Calvi Cinnae aliorum reliquiae et Priapea. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Müller, L. (1876), Leben Und Werke Des Gaius Lucilius: Eine Litterarhistorische Skizze. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Münzer, F. (1931), ‘Mecilius’, RE 15.1. Stuttgart, col. 17, 38–51.Google Scholar
Münzer, F. (1933a), ‘Stammbaum der Mucii Scaevolae’, RE 16.1. Stuttgart, cols 413–14.Google Scholar
Münzer, F. (1933b), ‘Mucia 29’, RE 16.1. Stuttgart, col. 450, 29–38.Google Scholar
Mynors, R. A. B. (1958), C. Valerii Catulli Carmina. Oxford.Google Scholar
Neudling, C. L. (1955), A Prosopography to Catullus. Oxford.Google Scholar
Nisbet, R. (1978), ‘Notes on the Text of Catullus’, PCPhS 24, 92115 [= (1995) Collected Papers on Latin Literature, 76–100. Oxford.]Google Scholar
Nuzzo, G. (2015), G. Valerio Catullo, Liriche ed epigrammi. Palermo.Google Scholar
Ooteghem, J. van (1967), Les Caecilii Metelli de la République. Brussels.Google Scholar
Peden, R. (1987), ‘Endings in Catullus’, in Whitby, M., Hardie, P., and Whitby, M. (eds.), Homo Viator. Classical Essays for John Bramble. Bristol, 95104.Google Scholar
Pleitner, K. (1849), Des C. Valerius Catullus Epigramme an und über C. Jul. Caesar und Mammura. Speyer.Google Scholar
Poccetti, P. (2018), ‘Another Image of Literary Latin. Language Variation and the Aims of Lucilius’ Satires’, in Breed, B. W., Keitel, E., and Wallace, R. (eds.), Lucilius and Satire in Second-Century BC Rome. Cambridge, 81131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Postgate, J. P. (1908), ‘On Some Passages of Catullus and Martial’, CPh, 3.3, 257–63.Google Scholar
Quinn, K. (1970), Catullus. The Poems. London.Google Scholar
Ramage, E. S. (1973), Urbanitas. Ancient Sophistication and Refinement. Norman, OK.Google Scholar
Rawson, B. (2005), Children and Childhood in Roman Italy, Oxford.Google Scholar
Reeve, M. D. (1980), ‘A Review of Thomson's Catullus: A Critical Edition’, Phoenix 34.2, 179–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riese, A. (1884), Die Gedichte des Catullus. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Ronconi, A. (1956), Studi Catulliani. Bari.Google Scholar
Rostand, E., and Benoist, E. (1882), Les Poesies de Catulle. 2 vols. Paris.Google Scholar
Ruiz Sánchez, M. (1996), Confectum carmine: en torno a la poesía de Catulo. 2 vols. Murcia.Google Scholar
Sblendorio Cugusi, M. T. (ed.) (1982), M. Porci Catonis Orationum Reliquiae. Turin.Google Scholar
Schnaiter, J. (1938), Sextus Pompeius. Diss. Innsbruck (retailed by Miltner 1952).Google Scholar
Schmidt, E. A. (1985), Catull. Heidelberg.Google Scholar
Schwabe, L. (1862), Quaestionum Catullianarum Liber I. Giessen.Google Scholar
Seager, R. (2002), Pompey the Great. A Political Biography. 2nd ed. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seager, R. (2007), ‘Ciceronian Invective. Themes and Variations’, in Booth, J. (ed.), Cicero on the Attack. Invective and Subversion in the Orations and beyond. Swansea, 2546.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shackleton Bailey, D. R. (1977), ‘Brothers or cousins?’, AJAH 2, 148–50.Google Scholar
Shackleton Bailey, D. R. (1983), ‘Brothers or cousins’, AJAH 8, 191.Google Scholar
Shackleton Bailey, D. R. (ed.) (1993), Martial. Epigrams. Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Shackleton Bailey, D. R. (2006), M. Valerii Martialis Epigrammata. Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Sonnenburg, P. E. (1882), ‘Der Historiker Tanusius Geminus und die annales Volusi,’ in Historische Untersuchungen, A. Schaefer, zum Jubiläum seiner akademischen Wirksamkeit gewidmet von früheren Mitgliedern der Historischen Seminarien zu Greifswald und Bonn. Bonn, 158–65.Google Scholar
Skinner, M. B. (2003), Catullus in Verona: A Reading of the Elegiac Libellus, Poems 65–116. Columbus.Google Scholar
Skinner, M. B. (ed.) (2007), A Companion to Catullus. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. (ed.) (2018), The Books of Catullus. Manchester.Google Scholar
Sumner, G. V. (1973), The Orators in Cicero's Brutus: Prosopography and Chronology. Toronto.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Syme, R. (1939), The Roman Revolution. Oxford.Google Scholar
Syme, R. (1960), ‘Bastards in the Roman Aristocracy’, PAPhS 104, 323–27 [= Roman Papers II, 510–17].Google Scholar
Syme, R. (1979), Roman Papers I & II. Oxford.Google Scholar
Syme, R. (1980), ‘No son for Caesar?Historia 29.4, 422–37 [= Roman Papers III, 1236–50].Google Scholar
Syme, R. (1984), Roman Papers III. Oxford.Google Scholar
Syme, R. (1986), The Augustan Aristocracy. Oxford.Google Scholar
Syndikus, H. P. (1987), Catull. Eine Interpretation. Vol. 3. Darmstadt.Google Scholar
Tansey, P. (2016), A Selective Prosopographical Study of Marriage in the Roman Elite in the Second and First Centuries BC: Revisiting the Evidence. Doctoral Dissertation, Macquarie University.Google Scholar
Tatum, W. J. (1999), The Patrician Tribune. Publius Clodius Pulcher. Chapel Hill.Google Scholar
Tatum, W. J. (2007), ‘Social Commentary and Political Invective’, in Skinner (2007), 333–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tatum, W. J. (2011), ‘Invective identities in pro Caelio’, in Smith, C. and Covino, R. (eds.), Praise and Blame in Roman Republican Rhetoric. Swansea, 165180.Google Scholar
Tempest, K. (2017), Brutus. The Noble Conspirator. New Haven and London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomson, D. F. S. (1978), Catullus. A Critical Edition. Chapel Hill.Google Scholar
Thomson, D. F. S. (1997), Catullus, Edited with a Textual and Interpretative Commentary. Toronto, Buffalo and London.Google Scholar
Traina, A. (1972), ‘Allusività Catulliana (Due note al c. 64)’, Studi classici in onore di Q. Cataudella 3. Catania, 99114 [= Poeti latini (e neolatini). Note e saggi filologici. Bologna, 131–58].Google Scholar
Traina, A. and Mandruzzato, E. (eds.) (1997), Gaio Valerio Catullo, I Canti. Milan.Google Scholar
Trappes-Lomax, J. M. (2007), Catullus. Swansea.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treggiari, S. (1991), Roman Marriage. Iusti Coniuges from the Time of Cicero to the Time of Ulpian. Oxford.Google Scholar
Treggiari, S. (2019), Servilia and her Family. Oxford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Verger, A., and Zoltwoski, J. J. (2006), ‘Review of Peter Green's The poems of Catullus’, BCMR 04.16.Google Scholar
Ward, A. M. (1977), Marcus Crassus and the Late Roman Republic. Columbia and London.Google Scholar
Wardle, D. (2014), Suetonius. Life of Augustus. Oxford.Google Scholar
Watson, L. C. (1990), ‘Rustic Suffenus (Catullus 22) and Literary Rusticity’, in Cairns, F. and Heath, M. (eds.), Papers of the Leeds International Latin Seminar, 6 Roman Poetry and Drama, Greek Epic, Comedy, Rhetoric. Leeds, 1333.Google Scholar
Watson, L. C. (2012), ‘Catullus, inurbanitas, and the Transpadanes’, in Morelli, A. M. (ed.), Lepos e mores: una giornata su Catullo: atti del Convegno Internazionale Cassino, 27 maggio 2010. Cassino, 151169.Google Scholar
Welch, K. (2012), Magnus Pius. Sextus Pompeius and the Transformation of the Roman Republic. Swansea.Google Scholar
West, M. L. (1973), Textual Criticism and Editorial Technique. Stuttgart.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whigham, P. (1966), The Poems of Catullus. Harmondsworth.Google Scholar
Whigham, P. (1969), The Poems of Catullus. A Bilingual Edition. Berkeley, CA.Google Scholar
Wiseman, T. P. (1971), ‘Celer and Nepos’, CQ 21, 180–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiseman, T. P. (1974), Cinna the Poet and other Roman Essays. Leicester.Google Scholar
Wiseman, T. P. (1985), Catullus and His World. A Reappraisal. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Wölfflin, E. (1887), ‘Das Wortspiel im Lateinischen’, Sitzungsberichte der Königl. Bayer. Akad. der Wissenschaften 2, 187208.Google Scholar