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Growth and longevity of the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki under annual and multiannual sea ice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 June 2020

Kelly E. Cronin Open the ORCID record for Kelly E. Cronin [Opens in a new window] ,
Sally E. Walker ,
Roger Mann ,
Antonie S. Chute ,
M. Chase Long  and
Samuel S. Bowser
Kelly E. Cronin*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
Sally E. Walker
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
Roger Mann
Affiliation:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA23062, USA
Antonie S. Chute
Affiliation:
NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, MA02453, USA
M. Chase Long
Affiliation:
Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, VA23062, USA
Samuel S. Bowser
Affiliation:
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY12201, USA
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

Ecosystem engineers such as the Antarctic scallop (Adamussium colbecki) shape marine communities. Thus, changes to their lifespan and growth could have far-reaching effects on other organisms. Sea ice is critical to polar marine ecosystem function, attenuating light and thereby affecting nutrient availability. Sea ice could therefore impact longevity and growth in polar bivalves unless temperature is the overriding factor. Here, we compare the longevity and growth of A. colbecki from two Antarctic sites: Explorers Cove and Bay of Sails, which differ by sea-ice cover, but share similar seawater temperatures, the coldest on Earth (-1.97°C). We hypothesize that scallops from the multiannual sea-ice site will have slower growth and greater longevity. We found maximum ages to be similar at both sites (18–19 years). Growth was slower, with higher inter-individual variability, under multiannual sea ice than under annual sea ice, which we attribute to patchier nutrient availability under multiannual sea ice. Contrary to expectations, A. colbecki growth, but not longevity, is affected by sea-ice duration when temperatures are comparable. Recent dramatic reductions in Antarctic sea ice and predicted temperature increases may irrevocably alter the life histories of this ecosystem engineer and other polar organisms.

Keywords

annuliecosystem engineerlifespanvon Bertalanffy
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 32 , Issue 6 , December 2020 , pp. 466 - 475
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Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2020

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