Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T12:10:23.393Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Growth responses of breast and leg muscles to essential amino acids in broiler chicks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 October 2015

M. Mehri ,
F. Bagherzadeh-Kasmani  and
M. Rokouei
M. Mehri*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98661-5538, Iran
F. Bagherzadeh-Kasmani
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98661-5538, Iran
M. Rokouei
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98661-5538, Iran
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The first three essential amino acids (EAA) for broilers including methionine (Met), lysine (Lys) and threonine (Thr) may greatly influence the growth of chick muscles at early stages of life. In order to survey the potential effects of those EAA on growth muscles, a rotatable three-variable central composite design (CCD) was conducted to track the interrelationships of dietary digestible Met (dMet), Lys (dLys) and Thr (dThr) for optimization of processing yields in broiler chicks using response surface methodology. A total of 60 floor pens of six birds each were assigned to 15 dietary treatments based on CCD containing five levels of dMet (0.416% to 0.584% of diet), dLys (0.881% to 1.319% of diet) and dThr (0.532% to 0.868% of diet) from 3 to 16 days of age. Experimental treatments significantly affected breast mass (BM) and leg mass (LM) of the birds (P<0.05) in which the main effect of dLys on BM was threefold higher than the main effect of dThr, and interaction effect between dMet and dLys was observed on BM (P<0.05). However, in the case of LM, the main effect of dThr was higher than the main effects of dMet and dLys and highest interaction effect exist between dThr and dMet (P<0.05). The second-order models for BM and LM were fitted by least squares regression. Canonical analysis revealed that the stationary points for carcass components were saddle points, thus ridge analysis was performed for getting optimal values of each EAA. Ridge analyses of BM and LM models showed that the maximum BM point may be obtained with 0.58%, 1.05% and 0.76% of dMet, dLys and dThr, respectively, in diet, and maximum LM point may be achieved with 0.58%, 1.09% and 0.70% of dMet, dLys and dThr, respectively, in diet. The resultant ideal ratios of dMet and dThr to dLys were 55% and 72% for BM; 53% and 64% for LM. Moreover, sensitivity analysis showed that the most important amino acids in BM and LM models were Lys and Thr, respectively. In conclusion, providing these three amino acid for BM optimization may warrant LM optimization and higher ideal ratios of dMet and dThr for breast muscle may indicate the higher importance of these EAA in this muscle than those in thigh muscle.

Keywords

broiler chickamino acidsbreast muscleresponse surface methodology
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 10 , Issue 3 , March 2016 , pp. 390 - 395
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahmadi, H and Golian, A 2011. Response surface and neural network models for performance of broiler chicks fed diets varying in digestible protein and critical amino acids from 11 to 17 days of age. Poultry Science 90, 2085–2096.Google Scholar
Baker, DH, Batal, AB, Parr, T, Augspurger, NR and Parsons, CM 2002. Ideal ratio (relative to lysine) of tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, and valine for chicks during the second and third weeks posthatch. Poultry Science 81, 485–494.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berri, C, Besnard, J and Relandeau, C 2008. Increasing dietary lysine increases final pH and decreases drip loss of broiler breast meat. Poultry Science 87, 480–484.Google Scholar
Box, GEP and Draper, NR 2007. Response surfaces, mixtures, and ridge analyses, 2nd edition. Wiley, New York, NY, USA.Google Scholar
De Leon, AC, Kidd, MT and Corzo, A 2010. Box-Behnken design: alternative multivariate design in broiler nutrition research. World’s Poultry Science Journal 66, 699–706.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dozier, WA III, Corzo, A, Kidd, MT, Tillman, PB and Branton, SL 2009. Digestible lysine requirements of male and female broilers from fourteen to twenty-eight days of age. Poultry Science 88, 1676–1682.Google Scholar
Fontaine, J, Hörr, J and Schirmer, B 2001. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy enables the fast and accurate prediction of the essential amino acid contents in soy, rapeseed meal, sunflower meal, peas, fishmeal, meat meal products, and poultry meal. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry 49, 57–66.Google Scholar
Fontaine, J, Schirmer, B and Hörr, J 2002. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) enables the fast and accurate prediction of essential amino acid contents. 2. Results for wheat, barley, corn, triticale, wheat bran/middlings, rice bran, and sorghum. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry 50, 3902–3911.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Han, Y and Baker, DH 1994. Digestible lysine requirement of male and female broiler chicks during the period three to six weeks posthatching. Poultry Science 73, 1739–1745.Google Scholar
Hickling, D, Guenter, W and Jackson, ME 1990. The effects of dietary methionine and lysine on broiler chicken performance and breast meat yield. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 70, 673–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kalinowski, A, Moran, ET Jr and Wyatt, C 2003. Methionine and cystine requirements of slow-and fast-feathering male broilers from zero to three weeks of age. Poultry Science 82, 1423–1427.Google Scholar
Kerr, BJ, Kidd, MT, Halpin, KM, McWard, GW and Quarles, CL 1999. Lysine level increases live performance and breast yield in male broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 8, 381–390.Google Scholar
Kidd, MT, Corzo, A, Hoehler, D, Kerr, B, Barber, SJ and Branton, SL 2004. Threonine needs of broiler chickens with different growth rates. Poultry Science 83, 1368–1375.Google Scholar
Kidd, MT, Kerr, BJ and Anthony, NB 1997. Dietary interactions between lysine and threonine in broilers. Poultry Science 76, 608–614.Google Scholar
Labadan, MC Jr, Hsu, KN and Austic, RE 2001. Lysine and arginine requirements of broiler chickens at two- to three-week intervals to eight weeks of age. Poultry Science 80, 599–606.Google Scholar
Leclercq, B 1998. Lysine: specific effects of lysine on broiler production: comparison with threonine and valine. Poultry Science 77, 118–123.Google Scholar
Mehri, M, Davarpanah, AA and Mirzaei, HR 2012. Estimation of ideal ratios of methionine and threonine to lysine in starting broiler chicks using response surface methodology. Poultry Science 91, 771–777.Google Scholar
Mehri, M, Nassiri-Moghaddam, H, Kermanshahi, H and Danesh-Mesgaran, M 2010. Digestible threonine needs of straight-run broiler during the growing period. Journal of Animal Veterinary Advances 9, 2190–2193.Google Scholar
Montgomery, DC 2008. Design and analysis of experiments. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, NY, USA.Google Scholar
Moran, E and Bilgili, S 1990. Processing losses, carcass quality, and meat yields of broiler chickens receiving diets marginally deficient to adequate in lysine prior to marketing. Poultry Science 69, 702–710.Google Scholar
National Research Council 1994. Nutrient requirements for poultry, 9th revised edition. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Pesti, GM, Vedenov, D, Cason, JA and Billard, L 2009. A comparison of methods to estimate nutritional requirements from experimental data. British Poultry Science 50, 16–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SAS 2002. SAS/STAT 9.1 user’s guide. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.Google Scholar
Shearer, KD 2000. Experimental design, statistical analysis and modelling of dietary nutrient requirement studies for fish: a critical review. Aquaculture Nutrition 6, 91–102.Google Scholar
Tesseraud, S, Peresson, R, Lopes, J and Chagneau, AM 1996. Dietary lysine deficiency greatly affects muscle and liver protein turnover in growing chickens. British Journal of Nutrition 75, 853–866.Google Scholar
Tesseraud, S, Le Bihan-Duval, E, Peresson, R, Michel, J and Chagneau, AM 1999. Response of chick lines selected on carcass quality to dietary lysine supply: live performance and muscle development. Poultry Science 78, 80–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed