Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T13:50:22.048Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of dietary allicin on health and growth performance of weanling piglets and reduction in attractiveness of faeces to flies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2010

R. H. Huang ,
X. S. Qiu ,
F. X. Shi ,
C. L. Hughes ,
Z. F. Lu  and
W. Y. Zhu
R. H. Huang
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
X. S. Qiu
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
F. X. Shi
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
C. L. Hughes
Affiliation:
Medical and Scientific Services, Quintiles Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
Z. F. Lu
Affiliation:
Yixing Changxing Ecological Agricultural Co. Ltd, Yixing, Jiangsu 214246, China
W. Y. Zhu*
Affiliation:
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

To investigate the effect of dietary allicin on health and growth performance of weanling piglets, at 21 days of age. Two hundred and twenty-five piglets were weaned and randomly allocated into five groups. Piglets in the control group were fed diets supplemented with antibiotics. Those in the treatment groups were fed diets without antibiotics, but supplemented with allicin product (25% pure allicin oil) in the proportion of 0.10 g/kg, 0.15 g/kg, 0.20 g/kg and 0.25 g/kg in the diet, respectively. During the 28 days of the experiment, average daily weight gain increased linearly (P < 0.0001) and quadratically (P = 0.0014) as the level of dietary allicin increased. The feed gain ratio decreased linearly (P < 0.0001) and quadratically (P < 0.0001). As the dietary allicin level increased, the incidence of diarrhoea in the treatment piglets, especially female piglets decreased linearly (P = 0.0003) and tended to decrease quadratically (P = 0.0716). The number of flies alighting on the surface of the faeces of the piglets at each counting time point decreased linearly (P < 0.0001), quadratically (P < 0.0001) and cubically (P < 0.0001) as the dietary allicin level increased. In conclusion, supplementation of the diet with allicin may improve growth performance, reduce the incidence of diarrhoea and possibly improve their local environmental conditions by reducing the attractiveness of faeces to flies.

Keywords

dietary allicinweanling pigletsgrowth performancefaecal hygienediarrhoea ratio
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 5 , Issue 2 , February 2011 , pp. 304 - 311
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agarwal, KC 1996. Therapeutic actions of garlic constituents. Medicinal Research Reviews 16, 111–124.3.0.CO;2-5>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amagase, H, Petesch, BL, Matsuura, H, Kasuga, S, Itakura, Y 2001. Recent advances on the nutritional effects associated with the use of garlic as a supplement: intake of garlic and its bioactive components. Journal of Nutrition 131, 955S–962S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists 1995. Official methods of analysis, 15th edition. AOAC, Arlington, VA, USA.Google Scholar
Banerjee, SK, Maulik, SK 2002. Effect of garlic on cardiovascular disorders: a review. Nutrition Journal 1 (Article no. 4), 1–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bordia, T, Mohammed, N, Thomson, M, Ali, M 1996. An evaluation of garlic and onion as antithrombotic agents. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids 54, 183–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruininx, EMAM, Schellingerhout, AB, Binnendijk, GP, Peet-Schwering Van der, CMC, Schrama, JW, Hartong den, LA, Everts, H, Beynen, AC 2004. Individually assessed creep feed consumption by suckled piglets: influence on post-weaning food intake characteristics and indicators of gut structure and hindgut fermentation. Animal Science 78, 67–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cellini, L, Di Campli, E, Masulli, M, Di Bartolomeo, S, Allocati, N 1996. Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori by garlic extracts (Allium sativum). FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology 13, 273–277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, MLW, Johnson, MA 1980. Effect of garlic on carbohydrate metabolism and lipid synthesis in rats. Journal of Nutrition 110, 931–936.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, YJ, Kim, IH, Cho, JH, Yoo, JS, Wang, Q, Wang, Y, Huang, Y 2008. Evaluation of dietary L-carnitine or garlic powder on growth performance, dry matter and nitrogen digestibilities, blood profiles and meat quality in finishing pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology 141, 141–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Grau, A, Dewey, C, Friendship, R, de Lange, K 2005. Observational study of factors associated with nursery pig performance. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 69, 241–245.Google ScholarPubMed
Eilat, S, Oestraicher, Y, Rabinkov, A, Ohad, D, Mirelman, D, Battler, A, Eldar, M, Vered, Z 1995. Alteration of lipid profile in hyperlipidemic rabbits by allicin, an active constituent of garlic. Coronary Artery Disease 6, 985–990.Google ScholarPubMed
Foushee, DB, Ruffin, J, Banerjee, U 1982. Garlic as a natural agent for the treatment of hypertension: a preliminary report. Cytobios 34, 145–152.Google ScholarPubMed
Grela, ER, Klebaniuk, R 2007. Chemical composition of garlic preparation and its utilization in piglet diets. Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63, 792–795.Google Scholar
Janz, JAM, Morel, PCH, Wilkinson, BHP, Purchas, RW 2007. Preliminary investigation of the effects of low-level dietary inclusion of fragrant essential oils and oleoresins on pig performance and pork quality. Meat Science 75, 350–355.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kornegay, ET, Harper, AF 1997. Environmental nutrition: nutrient management strategies to reduce nutrient excretion of swine. Professional Animal Scientist 13, 99–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kosugi, M, Nakatsuka, T, Fujita, T, Kuroda, Y, Kumamoto, E 2007. Activation of TRPA1 channel facilitates excitatory synaptic transmission in substantia gelatinosa neurons of the adult rat spinal cord. The Journal of Neuroscience 27, 4443–4451.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Langendijk, P, Bolhuis, JE, Laurenssen, BFA 2007. Effects of pre- and postnatal exposure to garlic and aniseed flavour on pre- and postweaning feed intake in pigs. Livestock Science 108, 284–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penuelas, A, Tashima, K, Tsuchiya, S, Matsumoto, K, Nakamura, T, Horie, S, Yano, S 2007. Contractile effect of TRPA1 receptor agonists in the isolated mouse intestine. European Journal of Pharmacology 576, 143–150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rivlin, RS 2001. Historical perspective on the use of garlic. Journal of Nutrition 131, 951S–954S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roselli, M, Britti, MS, Le Huërou-Luron, I, Marfaing, H, Zhu, WY, Mengheri, E 2007. Effect of different plant extracts and natural substances (PENS) against membrane damage induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 in pig intestinal cells. Toxicology in vitro 21, 224–229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, ZM, O’Gara, EA, Hill, DJ, Sleightholme, HV, Maslin, DJ 2001. Antimicrobial properties of garlic oil against human enteric bacteria: evaluation of methodologies and comparisons with garlic oil sulfides and garlic powder. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, 475–480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute 2002. SAS User’s Guide, Release 9.0. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.Google Scholar
Spreeuwenberg, MAM, Verdonk, JMAJ, Gaskins, HR, Verstegen, MWA 2001. Small intestine epithelial barrier function is compromised in pigs with low feed intake at weaning. Journal of Nutrition 131, 1520–1527.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Su, Y, Zhu, WY 2006. Shifts of total bacterial and lactobacilli community in stomach of sucking and weaned piglets [in Chinese]. Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 13, 1–4.Google Scholar
Tatara, MR, Śliwa, E, Dudek, K, Mosiewicz, J, Studziński, T 2005a. Effect of aged garlic extract and allicin administration to sows during pregnancy and lactation on body weight gain and gastrointestinal tract development of piglets. Part I. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 49, 349–355.Google Scholar
Tatara, MR, Śliwa, E, Dudek, K, Kowalik, S, Gawron, A, Piersiak, T, Dobrowolski, P, Studziński, T 2005b. Effect of aged garlic extract and allicin administration to sows during pregnancy and lactation on body weight gain and gastrointestinal tract development of piglets: morphological properties of the small intestine. Part II. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 49, 455–464.Google Scholar
Thomson, M, Ali, M 2003. Garlic (Allium sativum), a review of its potential use as an anti-cancer agent. Current Cancer Drug Targets 3, 67–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, J, Li, Y, Zuo, X, Zhen, Y, Yu, Y, Gao, L 2008. Transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 participates in visceral hyperalgesia following experimental colitis. Neuroscience Letters 440, 237–241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeh, YY, Yeh, SM 1994. Garlic reduces plasma lipids by inhibiting hepatic cholesterol and triacylglycerol synthesis. Lipids 29, 189–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeh, YY, Liu, L 2001. Cholesterol-lowering effect of garlic extracts and organosulfur compounds: human and animal studies. Journal of Nutrition 131, 989S–993S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed