Mannheimia haemolytica in bovine respiratory disease: immunogens, potential immunogens, and vaccines

Anthony W. Confer; Sahlu Ayalew

doi:10.1017/S1466252318000142

Mannheimia haemolytica in bovine respiratory disease: immunogens, potential immunogens, and vaccines

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 January 2019

Anthony W. Confer and

Sahlu Ayalew

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Anthony W. Confer*: Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, McFarland & Farm Road, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-2007, USA
Sahlu Ayalew: Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, McFarland & Farm Road, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-2007, USA
*: Author for correspondence: Anthony W. Confer, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, McFarland & Farm Road, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-2007, USA. E-mail: [email protected]

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Abstract

Mannheimia haemolytica is the major cause of severe pneumonia in bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Early M. haemolytica bacterins were either ineffective or even enhanced disease in vaccinated cattle, which led to studies of the bacterium's virulence factors and potential immunogens to determine ways to improve vaccines. Studies have focused on the capsule, lipopolysaccharide, various adhesins, extracellular enzymes, outer membrane proteins, and leukotoxin (LKT) resulting in a strong database for understanding immune responses to the bacterium and production of more efficacious vaccines. The importance of immunity to LKT and to surface antigens in stimulating immunity led to studies of individual native or recombinant antigens, bacterial extracts, live-attenuated or mutant organisms, culture supernatants, combined bacterin-toxoids, outer membrane vesicles, and bacterial ghosts. Efficacy of several of these potential vaccines can be shown following experimental M. haemolytica challenge; however, efficacy in field trials is harder to determine due to the complexity of factors and etiologic agents involved in naturally occurring BRD. Studies of potential vaccines have led current commercial vaccines, which are composed primarily of culture supernatant, bacterin-toxoid, or live mutant bacteria. Several of those can be augmented experimentally by addition of recombinant LKT or outer membrane proteins.

Keywords

Adhesins antigens BRD capsule leukotoxin LPS Mannheimia haemolytica outer membrane proteins proteases vaccine

Type: Review Article
Information: Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , December 2018 , pp. 79 - 99

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252318000142 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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Mannheimia haemolytica in bovine respiratory disease: immunogens, potential immunogens, and vaccines

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