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The Inter-American Human Rights System and the Colombian Peace: Redefining the Fight Against Impunity

Part of: Colombian Peace Talks and International Law

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Juana Inés Acosta-López
Juana Inés Acosta-López*
Affiliation:
Universidad de La Sabana,
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The results of the plebiscite suggest that Colombia’s international obligations regarding the right to justice will be a key issue in the new postplebiscite phase of the peace negotiation. Perhaps, then, the best starting point for an analysis of these obligations is the rejected Peace Accord. If it complies with international obligations, then it seems likely that any new agreement will also be in compliance: opponents focused much of their arguments on the high level of impunity supposedly embedded in the original deal.

Type
Symposium on the Colombian Peace Talks and International Law
Information
AJIL Unbound , Volume 110 , 2016 , pp. 178 - 182
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2016

References

1 Final Agreement for the Termination of the Conflict and the Construction of a Stable and Lasting Peace. (Aug. 24, 2016).

2 The Inter-American Court of Human Rights exercises a form of Conventionality Control between domestic law and the Inter-American Convention on Human Rights. In this task, The Court takes into account not only the text of the Convention, but also its own interpretation of it. See Almonacid Arellano et al v. Chile, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 154, para. 124 (Sept. 26, 2006).

3 See, e.g., Velasquez Rodriguez v. Honduras, Merits, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 4, para. 174 (July 29, 1988); Gelman v. Uruguay, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 221, para. 77 (Feb. 24, 2011).

4 See, e.g., Rio Negro Massacres v. Guatemala, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 250, para. 272 (Sept. 4, 2012); Las Dos Erres Massacre v. Guatemala, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 211 para. 240 (Nov. 24, 2009); Maria Carmelina Londoño Lñzaro, Las Garantías de no Repetición en la Jurisprudencia Interamericana: Derecho Internacional y Cambios Estructurales des Elstado (2014).

5 Bámaca Velásquez v. Guatemala, Reparations, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 91, para. 76 (Feb. 22, 2002); El Mozote and nearby places v. El Salvador, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 252, para. 242 (Oct. 25, 2012).

6 Montero-Aranguren et al (Detention Center of Catia) v. Venezuela, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 150, para. 70 (July. 5, 2006); Neira Alegria et al v. Peru, Merits, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 20, para. 75 (Jan. 19, 1995).

7 Manuel Cepeda Vargas v. Colombia, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 213, para. 171 (May 26, 2010).

8 Id. at para. 118.

9 Citizen Security and Human Rights, Inter-Am. Comm’n H.R. OEA/Ser.L/V/II, doc. 57, para. 66 (2009).

10 Comisión de Búsqueda de Personas Desaparecidas.

11 Final Agreement for the Termination of the Conflict and the Construction of a Stable and Lasting Peace. (Aug. 24, 2016).

12 Goiburu et al v. Paraguay, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 153, para. 53 (Sept. 22, 2006); Prosecutor v. Sefer Halilovic, Case No. IT-01-48-T, First Section Decision (Int’l Crim. Trib. for the Former Yugoslavia Nov. 16, 2005).

13 El Mozote and nearby places v. El Salvador, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 252, Concurrent Vote, Diego García-Sayán, paras. 38 (Oct. 25, 2012).

14 Barrios Altos v. Peru, Merits, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 75, paras. 41-44 (Mar. 14, 2001); Almonacid Arellano et al v. Chile, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 154, paras. 105-114 (Sept. 26, 2006); La Cantuta v. Peru, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 162, paras. 152-168 (Nov. 29, 2006); Gomes Lund et al. (Guerrilha do Araguaia) v. Brasil, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judg-ment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 219, para. 147 (Nov. 24, 2010); Gelman v. Uruguay, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 221, para. 195 (Feb. 24, 2011).

15 El Mozote and nearby places v. El Salvador, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 252, Concurrent Vote, Diego García-Sayán, para. 38 (Oct. 25, 2012).

16 Id. at para. 20.

17 Id. at para. 22.

18 Id. at para. 23.

19 An analysis of the reasons that justify that self-restraint and how these reasons have been used by the ECtHRis available in: Spielmann, Dean, Allowing the Right Margin: The European Court of Human Rights and the National Margin of Appreciation Doctrine: Waiver or Subsidi-arity of European Review?, 14 Cambridge Y.B. Eur. Legal Stud. 381 (2015)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

20 Howard Yourow, The Margin of Appreciation in the Dynamics of European Human Rights Jurisprudence (1996).

21 Juana Acosta & Maria Londoño, Juicio de sustitución: la participatción política de excombatientes como desarrollo del marco demcrático participativo, in Justicia de Transición y Constitución II: Análisis de la Sentencia C-577 de 2014 de la Corte Constitucional 89 (Kai Ambos ed., 2015).

22 Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the peace negotiations between the Government of Colombia and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia—People’s Army, International Criminal Court (Sept. 1, 2016).

23 James Stewart, Transitional Justice in Colombia and the role of the International Criminal Court (May 13, 2015).