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Arctic Exploration and International Law

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2017

James Brown Scott
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Extract

The announcement on September 1, 1909, by Dr. Frederick A. Cook, that he had discovered the north pole on April 21, 1908, and the almost contemporary declaration on September 6th, of Robert A. Peary, of the United States Navy, in command of the Roosevelt, that he had discovered the north pole on April 6, 1909, are, if substantiated, not only international events and scientific achievements of the greatest interest and value, but the culmination of centuries of effort, directed not merely to reach the pole, but to shorten commercial routes by the discovery of a northwestern and northeastern passage, to advance our knowledge of arctic geography and to make known in a disinterested and scientific spirit, the flora, fauna, and the physical configuration of the arctic regions.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 3 , Issue 4 , October 1909 , pp. 928 - 941
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 1909

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References

1 A Handbook of Polar Discoveries, by Greely, A. W., U. S. A., 3rd edition, 1906, p. 12 Google Scholar.

2 Ib., pp. 12-13.

3 Ib., pp. 15-16.

4 Ib., p. 21.

5 Ib., pp. 85-86.

6 Ib., 94.

7 “The most important work done by James Clark Ross, giving imperishable renown to his name, was the determination of the position of the north magnetic pole, which his observations placed at Cape Adelaide, on the west coast of Boothia Felix, in latitude 70° 05’ N., longitude 96° 44’ W. Parry at Port Bowen located it in 70° 43’ N., 98° 54’ W. Amundsen relocated it near King William Land in 1904.” Ib., p. 97.

8 Ib., p. 133.

9 Ib., p. 36.

10 Ib., p. 28.

11 Ib., p. 221.

12 Merkman, Clement R., Ency. Brit., 9th Ed., vol. 19, p. 326. Google Scholar

13 Ib., p. 327.

14 Greely, op. oit., p. 182.

15 Ib., p. 7.

16 Ib., p. 9.

17 Ib., p. 8.

18 The reader interested in the legal aspect of discovery and occupation is referred to Hall’s International Law, 5th ed., pages 100-118; Oppenheim’s International Law, 1:275, 283, and authorities there cited; Moore’s International Law Digest, 1:258 et seq.