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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 July 2016
Uncertainties exist at practically all stages of the design and construction process because of incomplete knowledge. Extreme environmental forces on offshore structures are uncertain because of the stochastic nature of the underlying physical phenomena. The actual strength and fatigue characteristics of structures can be predicted only approximately at the design stage and these predictions can be refined only partially by compliance tests during and after fabrication, and then only at high cost.