Element contents
Entertainment, Pleasure, and Meaning in Early England
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 December 2024
Summary
The people of early England (c. 450–1100 CE) enjoyed numerous kinds of entertainment, recreation and pleasure, but the scattered records of such things have made the larger picture challenging to assemble. This volume illuminates the merrier aspects of early English life, extending our understanding of the full range of early medieval English culture. It shows why entertainment and festivity were not merely trivial aspects of culture, but had important functions, in ritual, in community-building, in assuming power, and in resistance to power. Among the activities explored are child's play; drinking and feasting; music, dance, and performance; the pleasures of literature, festivals and celebrations; hunting and sport; and games.
- Type
- Element
- Information
- Online ISBN: 9781009161107Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication: 02 January 2025
References
Ælfric, . Ælfric’s Lives of Saints, ed. Skeat, W. W. (4 vols.), vol. 2. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co., 1900.Google Scholar
Ælfric, . Die Hirtenbriefe Ælfrics in Altenglischer und Lateinischer Fassung, ed. Fehr, B. (1914), repr. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1966.Google Scholar
Ælfric, . Ælfric’s Catholic Homilies: The Second Series, ed. Godden, M. R.. Early English Text Society, s. s. 5. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.Google Scholar
Ælfric, . Ælfric’s Catholic Homilies: The First Series – Text, ed. Clemoes, P.. Early English Text Society s. s. 17. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Ælfric, . Ælfric’s Catholic Homilies: Series I and II – Commentary, ed. Godden, M. R.. Early English Text Society, s. s. 18. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Ælfric, Bata. Anglo-Saxon Conversations: The Colloquies of Ælfric Bata, ed. Gwara, S., trans. with Introduction by Porter, D. W.. Woodbridge: Boydell, 1997, pp. 59–204.Google Scholar
Aldhelm, . De pedum regulis. In Ehwald, R. (ed.), Aldhelmi Opera. Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Auctores Antiquissimi XV. Berlin: Weidmann, 1919.Google Scholar
Aldhelm, . Aldhelm: The Prose Works, trans. Lapidge, M. and Herren, M.. Ipswich: D. S. Brewer, 1979.Google Scholar
Aldhelm, . Aldhelmi Malmesbiriensis Prosa de virginitate cum glosa latina atque anglosaxonica, ed. Gwara, S.. Corpus Christianorum Series Latina 124. Tumhout: Brepols, 2001.Google Scholar
Anlezark, D. The Old English Dialogues of Solomon and Saturn. Cambridge: Boydell and Brewer, 2009.Google Scholar
Asser, . Asser’s Life of King Alfred, ed. Stevenson, W. H.. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957.Google Scholar
Aubrey, J. Remaines of Gentilisme and Judaisme, ed. Britten, J.. London: W. Satchell, Peyton, and Co., 1881.Google Scholar
Barillari, S. M. ‘Le maschere cornute nella tradizione europea (storia, onomastica, morfologia)’. In Porporato, D. and Fassino, G. (eds.), Sentieri della memoria. Bra: Slow Food Editore, 2015, pp. 529–48.Google Scholar
Barlow, F. (ed. and trans.). The Life of King Edward Who Rests at Westminster, Attributed to a Monk of St. Bertin, 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Battles, P. and Wright, C. D.. ‘Eall-feala Ealde Sæge: Poetic Performance and “The Scop’s Repertoire” in Old English Verse’. Oral Tradition 32:1 (2018), 3–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayless, M. ‘Alcuin’s Disputatio Pippini and the Early Medieval Riddle Tradition’. In Halsall, G. (ed.), Humour, History and Politics in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001, pp. 157–78.Google Scholar
Bayless, M. ‘Humour and the Comic in Anglo-Saxon England’. In Hordis, S. and Hardwick, P. (eds.), English Medieval Comedy. Turnhout: Brepols, 2007, pp. 13–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayless, M. ‘Alea, Tæfl, and Related Games: Vocabulary and Context’. In O’Keeffe, K. O’B. and Orchard, A. (eds.), Latin Learning and English Lore, 2 vols. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2015, vol. 2, pp. 9–27.Google Scholar
Bayless, M. ‘The Fuller Brooch and Anglo-Saxon Depictions of Dance’. Anglo-Saxon England 45 (2016), 183–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayless, M. ‘Merriment, Entertainment, and Community in Anglo-Saxon Culture’. In Biggam, C., Hough, C., and Izdebska, D. (eds.), The Daily Lives of the Anglo-Saxons. Tempe, AZ: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2017, pp. 239–56.Google Scholar
Bayless, M. ‘Early Medieval Board Games: Issues of Power and Gender’. In Bayless, M., Lillequist, J., and Webb, L. (eds.), Gender and Status Competition in Pre-Modern Culture. Turnhout: Brepols. 2021, pp. 185–207.Google Scholar
Bazire, J. and Cross, J. E. (eds.). Eleven Old English Rogationtide Homilies. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982.Google Scholar
Bede, . Venerabilis Baedae Opera Historica, ed. Plummer, C., 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1896.Google Scholar
Bede, . Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People, ed. Colgrave, B. and Mynors, R. A. B.. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969.Google Scholar
Bede, . De temporum ratione liber, ed. Jones, C. W.. Corpus Christianorum Series Latina 123B. Turnhout: Brepols, 1977.Google Scholar
Bede, . Ecclesiastical History of the English People, trans. Sherley-Price, Leo, rev. Latham, R. E.. London: Penguin, 1990.Google Scholar
Bedingfield, M. B. The Dramatic Liturgy of Anglo-Saxon England. Woodbridge: Boydell, 2002.Google Scholar
Benko, S. E. ‘Anglo-Saxon Musical Instruments’. Unpublished PhD dissertation, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1983. https://bit.ly/3JbSCNZ.Google Scholar
Biddle, M. (ed.). Winchester in the Early Middle Ages: An Edition and Discussion of the Winton Domesday. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976.Google Scholar
Biddle, M. Object and Economy in Medieval Winchester, 2 vols. Winchester Studies 7. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Billington, S. ‘The Midsummer Solstice as It Was, or Was Not, Observed in Pagan Germany, Scandinavia, and Anglo-Saxon England’. Folklore 119:1 (2008), 41–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binchy, D. A. (ed.). Corpus iuris Hibernici, 7 vols. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1978.Google Scholar
Birch, W. de G. (ed.). Cartularium Saxonicum, 3 vols. London: Whiting and Co., 1885–1899.Google Scholar
Bitterli, D. Say What I Am Called: The Old English Riddles of the Exeter Book and the Anglo-Latin Riddle Tradition. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackmore, L., Blair, I., Hirst, S., and Scull, C.. The Prittlewell Princely Burial: Excavations at Priory Crescent, Southend-on-Sea, Essex, 2003. London: Museum of London Archaeology, 2019.Google Scholar
Boethius, A. M. S. Anicii Manlii Torquati Severini Boetii De institutione arithmetrica libri duo, De institutione musica libri quinque, ed. Friedlein, G.. Leipzig: Teubner, 1867.Google Scholar
Boethius, A. M. S. Fundamentals of Music, trans. Bower, C. M., ed. Palisca, C. V.. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Bredehoft, T. A. ‘OE Yðhengest and an Unrecognized Passage of Old English Verse’. Notes and Queries 54:2 (2007), 120–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breeze, S. ‘The Status of Secular Musicians in Early Medieval England: Ethnomusicology and Anglo-Saxon Musical Culture’. Mediaevalia 42 (2021), 1–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bremmer, R. H. Jr. ‘The Germanic Context of “Cynewulf and Cyneheard” Revisited’. Neophilologus 81 (1997), 445–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Britnell, R. H. The Commercialisation of English Society, 1000–1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Brown, Marjorie A. ‘The Feast Hall in Anglo-Saxon Society’. In Carlin, M. and Rosenthal, J. T., (eds.), Food and Eating in Early Medieval Europe. London: Hambleton Press, 1998, pp. 1–14.Google Scholar
Bruce-Mitford, R. L. S. The Sutton Hoo Ship Burial, 3 vols. London: British Museum Press, 1975–1983.Google Scholar
Buckland, T. ‘The Reindeer Antlers of the Abbots Bromley Horn Dance: A Re-examination’. Lore and Language 3 (1980), 1–8.Google Scholar
Bullough, D. A. Friends, Neighbours and Fellow-drinkers: Aspects of Community and Conflict in the Early Medieval West. H. M. Chadwick Memorial Lecture 1. Cambridge: Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse, and Celtic, 1990.Google Scholar
Butterfield, A. ‘Vernacular Poetry and Music’. In Everist, Mark (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Music. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011, pp. 205–24.Google Scholar
Byrhtferth of Ramsay. Byrhtferth of Ramsay: The Lives of St Oswald and St Ecgwine, ed. Lapidge, M.. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Caldwell, J. (ed.). The Oxford History of English Music. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cesario, M. ‘The Shining of the Sun in the Twelve Nights of Christmas’. In McWilliams, S. (ed.), Saints and Scholars: New Perspectives on Anglo-Saxon Literature and Culture in Honour of Hugh Magennis. Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 2012, pp. 195–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandler, C. J. ‘Charlemagne’s Table: The Carolingian Royal Court and Food Culture’. Viator 50:1 (2019), 1–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chardonnens, L. S. Anglo-Saxon Prognostics, 900–1100: Study and Texts. Leiden: Brill, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, C. Words, Names, and History: Selected Writings of Cecily Clark, ed. Jackson, P.. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1995.Google Scholar
Clayton, M. ‘An Edition of Ælfric’s Letter to Brother Edward’. In Treharne, E. and Rosser, S. (eds.), Early Medieval English Texts and Interpretations: Studies Presented to Donald G. Scragg. Tempe, AZ: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2002, pp. 262–83.Google Scholar
Colgrave, B. (ed. and trans.). Two Lives of St Cuthbert. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colker, M. L. ‘Texts of Jocelyn of Canterbury Which Relate to the History of Barking Abbey’. Studia Monastica 7:2 (1965), 383–460.Google Scholar
Colman, F. The Grammar of Names in Anglo-Saxon England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crawford, S. ‘Children, Grave Goods and Social Status in Early Anglo-Saxon England’. In Derevenski, Joanna Sofaer, (eds.), Children and Material Culture. London: Routledge, 2000, pp. 169–79.Google Scholar
Cross, J. E. and Thomas, D. Hill (eds. and trans.). The Prose Solomon and Saturn and Adrian and Ritheus. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cubbin, G. P. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition. Vol. 6: MS. D. Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer, 1996.Google Scholar
Cubitt, C. ‘Folklore and Historiography: Oral Stories and the Writing of Anglo-Saxon History’. In Tyler, E. M. and Balzaretti, R. (eds.), Narrative and History in the Early Medieval West. Turnhout: Brepols, 2006, pp. 189–223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davidson, C. ‘Erotic “Women’s Songs” in Anglo-Saxon England’. Neophilologus 59 (1975), 451–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Vegvar, C. N. ‘Beyond Valkyries: Drinking Horns in Anglo-Saxon Women’s Graves’. In Kozikowski, C. E. and Scheck, H. (eds.), New Readings on Women and Early Medieval English Literature and Culture: Cross-Disciplinary Studies in Honour of Helen Damico. Leeds: Arc Humanities Press, 2019, pp. 43–60.Google Scholar
Dick, E. S. ‘Æ. dream: zur Semantik der Verbalbeziehungen in der Dichtung’. In Jankowsky, K. R. and Dick, E. S. (eds.), Festschrift für Karl Schneider. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1982, pp. 121–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diller, H.-J. ‘Joy and Mirth in Middle English (and a Little Bit in Old): A Plea for the Consideration of Genre in Historical Semantics’. In Fisiak, J. and Kiełkiewicz-Janoviak, A., (eds.) Middle English Miscellany: From Vocabulary to Linguistic Variation. Poznań: Motivex, 1996, pp. 83–105.Google Scholar
Dobbie, E. V. K. (ed.). The Anglo-Saxon Minor Poems. Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records 6. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1942.Google Scholar
Dobney, K. and Jaques, D.. ‘Avian Signatures for Identity and Status in Anglo-Saxon England’. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 45 (2002), 7–21.Google Scholar
Doyle, C. ‘Beer and Ale in Early Medieval England: A Survey of Evidence’. In Geck, J. A., O’Neill, R., and Phillips, N. (eds.), Beer and Brewing in Medieval Culture and Contemporary Medievalism. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022, pp. 33–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dronke, U. (ed. and trans.). The Poetic Edda, vol. II: Mythological Poems. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dümmler, E. (ed.). Epistolae Karolini Aevi II. Monumenta Germaniae Historica Epistolae IV. Berlin: Weidmann, 1895.Google Scholar
Eadmer, . Eadmer of Canterbury: Lives and Miracles of Saints Oda, Dunstan, and Oswald, ed. Turner, A. J. and Muir, B. J.. Oxford Medieval Texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Stephanus, Eddius. The Life of Bishop Wilfrid by Eddius Stephanus, ed. Colgrave, B.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1927.Google Scholar
Enright, M. J. Lady with a Mead Cup: Ritual, Prophecy, and Lordship in the European Warband from La Tène to the Viking Age. Blackrock, Ireland: Four Courts Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Evison, V. I. An Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Great Chesterford, Essex. Council for British Archaeology Report 91. York: CBA, 1994.Google Scholar
Fabiszak, M. The Concept of ‘Joy’ in Old and Middle English: A Semantic Analysis. Pila: Wyzsza Szkola Biznesu, 2001/2002.Google Scholar
Fahey, R. ‘The Wonders of Ebrietas: Drinking and Drunkenness in Old English and Anglo-Latin Riddles’. In Geck, J. A., O’Neill, R., and Phillips, N. (eds.), Beer and Brewing in Medieval Culture and Contemporary Medievalism. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022, pp. 315–39.Google Scholar
Felix, . Felix’s Life of St Guthlac, ed. and trans. Colgrave, B.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Filotas, B. Pagan Survivals, Superstitions and Popular Cultures in Early Medieval Pastoral Literature. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 2005.Google Scholar
Fleming, R. ‘The New Wealth, The New Rich and the Political Style in Late Anglo-Saxon England’. Anglo-Norman Studies 23 (2001), 1–22.Google Scholar
Flight, T. ‘Aristocratic Deer Hunting in Late Anglo-Saxon England: A Reconsideration, Based Upon the Vita S. Dunstani’. Anglo-Saxon England 45 (2016), 311–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frank, R. ‘The Search for the Anglo-Saxon Oral Poet’. Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 75:1 (1993), 11–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frazer, J. G. Spirits of the Corn and of the Wild. 2 vols. London: Macmillan, 1912 (vol. 7 of The Golden Bough, 3rd ed.).Google Scholar
Gaimar, Geffrei. Estoire des Engleis: History of the English, ed. Short, Ian. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Gale, D. A. ‘The Seax’. In Hawes, S. C. (ed.), Weapons and Warfare in Anglo-Saxon England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989, pp. 71–84.Google Scholar
Gautier, A. Le festin dans l’Angleterre anglo-saxonne. Rennes: Presse Universitaire de Rennes, 2006.Google Scholar
Gautier, A. ‘Cooking and Cuisine in Late Anglo-Saxon England’. Anglo-Saxon England 41 (2013), 373–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gelling, M. ‘Some Meanings of “Stow”’. In Pearce, S. (ed.), The Early Church in Britain and Ireland. Oxford: BAR, 1982, pp. 187–96.Google Scholar
Geoffrey of Monmouth. The Historia Regum Britannie of Geoffrey of Monmouth, ed. Wright, N.. 1: Bern, Bürgerbibliothek, MS. 568. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1985.Google Scholar
Gerald of Wales. De Rebus a se Gestis. Vol. 1 of Giraldi Cambrensis Opera, ed. Brewer, J. S., Warner, G. F., and Dimock, J. F. (8 vols.). London: Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, 1861–1891.Google Scholar
Gerald of Wales. The Autobiography of Giraldus Cambrensis, trans. Butler, H. E.. London: Jonathan Cape, 1937.Google Scholar
Gerald of Wales. Speculum Ecclesiae. Vol. 4 of Giraldi Cambrensis Opera, ed. Brewer, J. S., Warner, G. F., and Dimock, J. F. (8 vols.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Girvan, R. (ed.). Ratis Raving. Scottish Text Society, 3rd series 11. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons, 1939.Google Scholar
Godden, M. ‘New Year’s Day in Late Anglo-Saxon England’. Notes and Queries 237, n.s. 39:2 (1992), 148–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gogosz, R. ‘“Hver er sterkastr?” The Sports and Games of the Northmen in the Middle Ages. Role, Rules and Aspects: Study with the Special Focus on Saga-Age Iceland’. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of Rzeszów, 2016. https://bit.ly/3QgRCfo. Accessed 23 April 2024.Google Scholar
Gogosz, R. ‘Chess and Hnefatafl: Playing Board Games in Old Icelandic Literature’. In Stempin, A. (ed.), The Cultural Role of Chess in Medieval and Modern Times. Poznań: Muzeum Archeologiczne w Poznaniu, 2018, pp. 207–18.Google Scholar
Gómez, M. and Javier, F.. ‘Mixing Pleasure and Beauty: Positive Aesthetic Experience in Old English Poetry’. Journal of English Studies 18 (2020), 153–79.Google Scholar
Goolden, P. The Old English Apollonius of Tyre. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958.Google Scholar
Goossens, L. The Old English Glosses of MS. Brussels, Royal Library 1650. Brussels: der Academiën, 1974.Google Scholar
Graham-Campbell, J. Viking Artefacts: A Select Catalogue. London: British Museum Publications, 1980.Google Scholar
Greene, R. L. The Early English Carols. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.Google Scholar
Haddan, A. W. and Stubbs, W. (eds.). Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents Relating to Great Britain and Ireland. 3 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1869–1878.Google Scholar
Hagen, A. A Second Handbook of Anglo-Saxon Food and Drink: Production and Distribution. Hockwold cum Norton, Norfolk: Anglo-Saxon Books, 1995.Google Scholar
Hall, M. A. ‘The Whitby Merels Board’. Yorkshire Archaeological Journal 77 (2005), 25–29.Google Scholar
Hall, M. A. ‘Board Games in Boat Burials: Play in the Performance of Migration and Viking Age Mortuary Practice’. European Journal of Archaeology 19:3 (2016), 439–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, M. A. and Forsyth, K.. ‘Roman Rules? The Introduction of Board Games to Britain and Ireland’. Antiquity 85:330 (2015), 1325–38.Google Scholar
Hammon, A. ‘The Brown Bear’. In O’Connor, T. and Sykes, N. (eds.), Extinctions and Invasions: A Social History of British Fauna. Oxford: Windgather Press, 2010, 95–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harbus, Antonina. ‘Joy in the Emotional Life of the Anglo-Saxons’. In Biggam, C., Hough, C., and Izdebska, D. (eds.), The Daily Lives of the Anglo-Saxons. Tempe, AZ: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 2017, pp. 187–203.Google Scholar
Harmer, F. E. ‘Chipping and Market: A Lexicographical Investigation’. In Fox, C. and Dickins, B. (eds.), The Early Cultures of North-West Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1950, pp. 333–60.Google Scholar
Harper, E. ‘Toys and the Portable Antiquities Scheme: A Source for Exploring Later Medieval Childhood in England and Wales’. Childhood in the Past 11:2 (2018), 85–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, K. ‘The Beginning of the Year in England, c. 500–900’. Anglo-Saxon England 2 (1973), 51–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawkes, S. C., Davidson, H. R. Ellis, and Hawkes, C.. ‘The Finglesham Man’. Antiquity 39 (1965), 17–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haydon, F. S. (ed.). Eulogium (historiarum sive temporis): Chronicon. 3 vols. London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts, 1858–1863.Google Scholar
Heinemann, F. J. ‘“Cynewulf and Cyneheard” and Landnámabók’. Leeds Studies in English n.s. 24 (1993), 57–89.Google Scholar
Hill, T. D. ‘“When the Leader is Brave … ”: An Old English Proverb and its Vernacular Context’. Anglia 119:2 (2001), 232–36.Google Scholar
Holmgren, R. ‘“Money on the Hoof”: The Astragalus Bone – Religion, Gaming and Primitive Money’. In Frizell, B. S. (ed.), PECUS: Man and Animal in Antiquity. Rome: Swedish Institute in Rome, 2004, pp. 212–20.Google Scholar
Holtz, L. (ed.). Grammatici Hibernici Carolini Aevi I. Corpus Christianorum Series Latina 40. Turnhout: Brepols, 1977.Google Scholar
Hooke, D. The Landscape of Anglo-Saxon England. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Hope-Taylor, B. Yeavering: An Anglo-British Centre of Early Northumbria. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1977 (repr. London: British Heritage, 2009).Google Scholar
Hutton, R. The Stations of the Sun: A History of the Ritual Year in Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Irvine, S. and Godden, M. R. (ed. and trans.) The Old English Boethius with Verse Prologues and Epilogues Associated with King Alfred. 2 vols. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Jolly, K. ‘Prayers from the Field: Practical Protection and Demonic Defense in Anglo-Saxon England’. Traditio 61 (2006), 95–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jurasinski, S. and Oliver, L.. The Laws of Alfred: the Domboc and the Making of Anglo-Saxon Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, F. Early Irish Farming: A Study Based Mainly on the Law-Texts of the 7th and 8th Centuries. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1997.Google Scholar
Keynes, S. and Lapidge, M. (trans.). Alfred the Great: Asser’s Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources. New York: Penguin, 2004.Google Scholar
Kimball, J. J. L. ‘From Dróttin to King: The Role of Hnefatafl as a Descriptor of Late Iron Age Scandinavian Culture’. Lund Archaeological Review 19 (2013), 61–76.Google Scholar
Kindschi, L. ‘The Latin-Old English Glossaries in Plantin-Moretus MS. 32 and British Museum MS. Additional 32246’. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Stanford University, 1955.Google Scholar
Klingshirn, W. E. ‘Defining the Sortes Sanctorum: Gibbon, Du Cange, and Early Christian Lot Divination’. Journal of Early Christian Studies 10:1 (2002), 77–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Konshuh, C. ‘Anraed in their Unraed: The Æthelredian Annals (983–1016) and their Presentation of Kings and Advisors’. English Studies 97:2 (2016), 140–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramer, J. Between Heaven and Earth: Liminality and the Ascension of Christ in Anglo-Saxon Literature. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Krapp, G. P. and Dobbie, E. V. K. (eds.). The Exeter Book. Anglo-Saxon Poetic Records 3. New York: Columbia University Press, 1963.Google Scholar
Lambert, T. and Leggett, S.. ‘Food and Power in Early Medieval England: Rethinking Feorm’. Anglo-Saxon England 49 (2022), 107–53.Google Scholar
Leach, E. E. ‘Music and Masculinity in the Middle Ages’. In Biddle, I. and Gibson, K. (eds.), Masculinity and Western Musical Practice. Farnham: Ashgate, 2009, pp. 21–40.Google Scholar
Lee, C. Feasting the Dead: Food and Drink in Anglo-Saxon Burial Rituals. Woodbridge: Boydell, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lester, G. A. ‘The Cædmon Story and its Analogues’. Neophilologus 58 (1974), 225–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, C. ‘Children’s Play in the Later Medieval English Countryside’. Childhood in the Past 2:1 (2009), 86–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, F. ‘Gwerin Ffristial a Thawlbwrdd’. Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion (1941), 185–205.Google Scholar
Liebermann, F (ed.). Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen. 3 vols. Halle: Max Niemeyer, 1898–1916.Google Scholar
Lindenbaum, S. ‘Entertainment in English Monasteries’. In Aubailly, J.C. (ed.), Le Théatre et la cité dans l’Europe médiévale. Stuttgart: Akademischer Verlag, 1988. (Also Fifteenth Century Studies 13 (1988), 411–34.)Google Scholar
Liuzza, R. M. (ed. and trans.). Anglo-Saxon Prognostics: An Edition and Translation of Texts from London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius A.iii. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Löfstedt, B. (ed.). Grammatici Hibernici Carolini Aevi IV. Corpus Christianorum Series Latina 40 C. Turnhout: Brepols, 1977.Google Scholar
MacGregor, A. Bone, Antler, Ivory and Horn: The Technology of Skeletal Materials since the Roman Period. London: Croom Helm, 1985.Google Scholar
MacGregor, A., Mainman, A. J., and Rogers, N. S. H. (eds.). Craft, Industry, and Everyday Life: Bone, Antler, Ivory and Horn from Anglo-Scandinavian and Medieval York (The Archaeology of York, ed. Addyman, P. V., vol. 17, fasc.12: The Small Finds). York: Council for British Archaeology (for the York Archaeological Trust), 1999.Google Scholar
Magennis, H. ‘The Beowulf Poet and his “druncne dryhtguman”’. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 86:2 (1985), 159–64.Google Scholar
Magennis, H. ‘Images of Laughter in Old English Poetry, with Particular Reference to the “Hleahtor Wera” of the Seafarer’. English Studies 73:3 (1992), 193–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magennis, H. Images of Community in Old English Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magennis, H. Anglo-Saxon Appetites: Food and Drink and Their Consumption in Old English and Related Literature. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Map, Walter. De nugis curialium: Courtiers’ Trifles, ed. and trans. Jame, M. R. s, Brooke, C. N. L., and Mynors, R. A. B.. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983.Google Scholar
Marsden, R. The Cambridge Old English Reader, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, J. D. ‘Sports and Games in Icelandic Saga Literature’. Scandinavian Studies 75 (2003), 27–32.Google Scholar
Marvin, W. P. Hunting Law and Ritual in Medieval English Literature. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2006.Google Scholar
McGuire, E. ‘“Whim Rules the Child”: The Archaeology of Childhood in Scandinavian Scotland’. Journal of the North Atlantic 11 (2019), 13–27.Google Scholar
McLees, C. The Games People Played: Gaming Pieces, Boards, and Dice from Excavations in the Medieval Town of Trondheim, Norway. Trondheim: Fortiden i Trondheim Bygrunn, 1990.Google Scholar
McNeill, J. T. and Gamer, H. M.. Medieval Handbooks of Penance. New York: Columbia University Press, 1938.Google Scholar
McNeill, W. H. Keeping Together in Time: Dance and Drill in Human History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McTurk, R. W. ‘“Cynewulf and Cyneheard” and the Icelandic Sagas’. Leeds Studies in English n.s. 12 (1981), 81–127.Google Scholar
Meaney, A. L. A Gazetteer of Early Anglo-Saxon Burial Sites. London: Allen & Unwin, 1964.Google Scholar
Mees, B. ‘Batavian Pero and Germanic *pero “pear”’. Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 82:1 (2022), 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meritt, H. D. The Old English Prudentius Glosses at Boulogne-sur-Mer. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1955.Google Scholar
Moberly, K. and Moberly, B.. ‘Nine Men’s Medievalisms: Conquests of the Longbow, Nine Men’s Morris, and the Impossibilities of a Half-Forgotten Game’s Ludic Past’. In Classen, A. (ed.), Pleasure and Leisure in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Age. Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 2019, pp. 695–722.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muir, B. J. (ed.). The Exeter Anthology of Old English Poetry, 2nd ed. 2 vols. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Napier, A. S. (ed.). The Old English Version of the Enlarged Rule of Chrodegang. Early English Text Society, o.s. 150. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1916.Google Scholar
Ng, E. ‘Swinging the Top: A Crux in the Old English Apollonius of Tyre’. Paper delivered at the Fourth ASSC Graduate Student Conference, Yale University, 16 February 2008. www.eching.org/wp-content/uploads/2008_apollonius_yale.pdf (revised version of the conference paper).Google Scholar
Niles, J. D. Homo Narrans: The Poetics and Anthropology of Oral Literature. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999 (also available as ‘Reconceiving Beowulf: Poetry as Social Praxis’, College English 61:2 (1998), 143–66).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niles, J. D. ‘The Myth of the Anglo-Saxon Poet’. Western Folklore 62:1/2 (2003), 7–61.Google Scholar
Niles, J. D. ‘Bede’s Cædmon: “The Man Who Had No Story” (Irish Tale-Type 2412B)’. Folklore 117 (2006), 141–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oggins, R. S. The Kings and Their Hawks: Falconry in Medieval England. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogilvy, J. D. A. ‘Mimi, Scurrae, Histriones: Entertainers of the Early Middle Ages’. Speculum 38:4 (1963), 603–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Keeffe, K. O’B. Visible Song: Transitional Literacy in Old English Verse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Opland, J. Anglo-Saxon Oral Poetry: A Study of the Traditions. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
O’Rahilly, C. (trans.). Táin Bó Cúalnge from the Book of Leinster. Dublin: Dublin Institute of Advanced Studies, 1970. https://celt.ucc.ie/published/T301035.html. Accessed 24 April 2024.Google Scholar
Orchard, A. (ed. and trans.). The Old English and Anglo-Latin Riddle Tradition. Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library 69. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2021.Google Scholar
O’Regan, H. J. ‘The Presence of the Brown Bear Ursus arctos in Holocene Britain: A Review of the Evidence’. Mammal Review 48:4 (2018), 229–44.Google Scholar
Page, C. ‘Anglo-Saxon Hearpan: Their Terminology, Technique, Tuning and Repertory of Verse, 850–1066’. Unpublished PhD dissertation, University of York, 1981.Google Scholar
Page, C. ‘The Carol in Anglo-Saxon Canterbury?’ In Hornby, E. and Maw, D. (eds.), Essays on the History of English Music in Honour of John Caldwell: Sources, Style, Performance, Historiography. Woodbridge: Boydell, 2010, pp. 259–69.Google Scholar
Pálsson, H. and Edwards, P. (trans.). Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney. London: Penguin, 1978.Google Scholar
Parker, E. Winters in the World: A Journey through the Anglo-Saxon Year. London: Reaktion, 2022.Google Scholar
Pasternak, C. B. The Textuality of Old English Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Payne, I. ‘Did the Anglo-Saxons Play Games of Chance? Some Thoughts on Old English Board Games’. Antiquaries Journal 86 (2006), 330–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paz, J. Nonhuman Voices in Anglo-Saxon Literatuure and Material Culture. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Pertz, G. H. (ed.). Capitularia regum Francorum. Monumenta Germaniae Historica III, Leges I. Hanover: Hahn, 1835.Google Scholar
Petersen, N. H. ‘Les textes polyvalents du Quem quaeritis à Winchester au Xe siècle’. Revue de musicologie 86:1 (2000), 105–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollington, S. ‘The Mead-Hall Community’. Journal of Medieval History 37:1 (2011), 19–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Porter, D. W. ‘The Anglo-Latin Elegy of Herbert and Wulfgar’. Anglo-Saxon England 40 (2011), 225–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, H. ‘“Once Upon a Time There Was a Saint …”: Re-evaluating Folklore in Anglo-Latin Hagiography’. Folklore 121:2 (2010), 171–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Price, J. ‘Theatrical Vocabulary in Old English: A Preliminary Survey (1)’. Medieval English Theatre 5 (1983), 58–71.Google Scholar
Price, J. ‘Theatrical Vocabulary in Old English (2)’. Medieval English Theatre 6 (1984), 101–25.Google Scholar
Raffield, B. ‘Playing Vikings: Militarism, Hegemonic Masculinities, and Childhood Enculturation in Viking Age Scandinavia’. Current Anthropology 60:6 (2019), 813–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rauer, C. (ed. and trans.). The Old English Martyrology. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2013.Google Scholar
Riddler, I. D. ‘The Pursuit of Hnefatafl’. In Finkel, Irving (ed.), Ancient Board Games in Perspective. London: British Museum Press, 2006, pp. 349–54.Google Scholar
Riddler, I. and Trzaska-Nartowsk, N.. ‘Chanting upon a Dunghill: Working Skeletal Materials in Anglo-Saxon England’. In Hyer, M. C., Owen-Crocker, G. R., and Biggam, C. P. (eds.), The Material Culture of Daily Living in the Anglo-Saxon World. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 2011, pp. 116–41.Google Scholar
Riddler, I., Cameron, E., and Marzinzik, S.. Early Anglo-Saxon Personal Equipment and Structural Ironwork from Saltwood Tunnel, Kent. CTRL Specialist Report Series. York: Archaeology Data Service, 2006.Google Scholar
Roberts, J. M., Arth, M. J., and Bush, R. R.. ‘Games in Culture’. American Anthropologist 61:4 (1959), 597–605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, A. J. (ed.). Anglo-Saxon Charters, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1956.Google Scholar
Robinson, F. C. ‘Notes and Emendations to Old English Poetic Texts’. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 67:4 (1966), 356–64.Google Scholar
Roesdahl, E. and Wilson, D. M. (eds.). From Viking to Crusader. New York: Rizzoli, 1992.Google Scholar
Russom, G. R. ‘A Germanic Concept of Nobility in The Gifts of Men and Beowulf’. Speculum 53:1 (1978), 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sawyer, P. H. Anglo-Saxon Charters: An Annotated List and Bibliography. London: Royal Historical Society, 1968.Google Scholar
Sawyer, P. H. ‘Early Fairs and Markets in England and Scandinavia’. In Anderson, B. L. and Latham, A. J. H. (eds.), The Market in History. London: Routledge, 1986, pp. 59–77.Google Scholar
Schädler, U. ‘Latrunculi – ein verlorenes strategisches Brettspiel der Römer’. In Bauer, G. G. (ed.), Homo Ludens: Der spielende Mensch IV. Munich: Emil Katzbichler, 1994, pp. 47–67.Google Scholar
Schädler, U. ‘XII Scripta, Alea, Tabula – New Evidence for the Roman History of “Backgammon”’. In de Voogt, A. J. (ed.), New Approaches to Board Game Research. Leiden: IIAS, 1995, pp. 73–98.Google Scholar
Schädler, U. ‘The Doctor’s Game – New Light on the History of Ancient Board Games’. In Crummy, P. (ed.), Stanway: An Elite Burial Site at Camulodunum. London: Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, 2007, pp. 359–75.Google Scholar
Scragg, D. G. (ed.). The Vercelli Homilies and Related Texts. Early English Text Society 300. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Solberg, B. ‘Pastimes or Serious Business? Norwegian Graves with Gaming Objects c. 200–1000 AD’. In Hardh, B., Jennberht, K., and Olaussonm, D. (eds.), On the Road: Studies in Honour of Lars Larsson. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell, 2007, pp. 265–69.Google Scholar
Stevens, J. ‘On the Remains Found in an Anglo-Saxon Tumulus at Taplow, Buckinghamshire’. Journal of the British Archaeological Association 40 (1884), 61–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, I. and Watkins, M.. ‘An 11th-century Bone Tabula Set from Gloucester [Preliminary Account]’. Medieval Archaeology 28 (1984), 185–90.Google Scholar
Stokes, P. A. ‘The Vision of Leofric: Manuscript, Text and Context’. Review of English Studies n.s. 63:261 (2011), 529–50.Google Scholar
Sveinsson, E. Ó (ed.). Brennu-Njáls saga. Íslenzk fornrit 12. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka bókmenntafélag, 1954.Google Scholar
Sykes, N. ‘Deer, Land, Knives and Halls: Social Change in Early Medieval England’. Antiquaries Journal 90 (2010), 175–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sykes, N. ‘Woods and the Wild’. In Hamerow, H., Hinton, D. A., and Crawford, S. (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Anglo-Saxon Archaeology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011, pp. 327–45.Google Scholar
Symons, T. (ed.). Regularis Concordia Anglicae Nationis Monachorum Sanctimonialiumque. (The Monastic Agreement of the Monks and Nuns of the English Nation). London: Nelson, 1953.Google Scholar
Thornbury, E. Becoming a Poet in Anglo-Saxon England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Thorpe, B. Ancient Laws and Institutes of England. 2 vols. London, 1840 (repr. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012).Google Scholar
Tolkien, C. (ed. and trans.). Saga Heiðreks Konungs ins Vitra: The Saga of King Heidrek the Wise. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1960.Google Scholar
Tolley, C. (ed. and trans.). Gróttasongr: The Song of Grotti. London: Viking Society for Northern Research, 2008.Google Scholar
Trafford, S. ‘Swimming in Anglo-Saxon England’. In Twomey, C. and Anlezark, D. (eds.), Meanings of Water in Early Medieval England. Turnhout: Brepols, 2021, pp. 85–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tucker, S. I. ‘Laughter in Old English Literature’. Neophilologus 43 (1959), 222–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tydeman, W. (ed.). The Medieval European Stage, 500–1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Van Arsdall, A. Medieval Herbal Remedies: The Old English Herbarium and Anglo-Saxon Medicine. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2002.Google Scholar
Wallis, R. J. ‘“As the Falcon Her Bells” at Sutton Hoo? Falconry in Early Anglo-Saxon England’. Archaeological Journal 174:2 (2017), 409–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walsh, M. W. ‘Medieval English Martinmesse: The Archaeology of a Forgotten Festival’. Folklore 111:2 (2000), 231–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, L. ‘The Prittlewell (Essex) Burial: A Comparison with Other Anglo-Saxon Princely Graves’. In Panhuysen, T. A. S. M. (ed.), Transformations in North-Western Europe (AD 300–1000). Stuttgart: Theiss, 2011, pp. 266–72.Google Scholar
Weiskott, E. English Alliterative Verse: Poetic Tradition and Literary History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitelock, D. (ed. and trans.). Anglo-Saxon Wills. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1930.Google Scholar
Wilcox, J. ‘Understatement and Incongruity: Humour in the Literature of Anglo-Saxon England’. In Westbrook, V. and Chao, S.-l. (eds.), Humour in the Arts: New Perspectives. New York: Routledge, 2018, pp. 59–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilcox, J. Humour in Old English Literature: Communities of Laughter in Early Medieval England. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2023.Google Scholar
William of Malmesbury. Gesta Regum Anglorum, 2 vols., ed. Mynors, R. A. B., completed by Thompson, R. M. and Winterbottom, M.. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998–1999.Google Scholar
William of Malmesbury. Saints’ Lives: Lives of SS. Wulfstan, Dunstan, Patrick, Benignus and Indract, ed. Winterbottom, M. and Thomson, R. M.. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2002.Google Scholar
William of Malmesbury. Gesta Pontificum Anglorum, ed. Winterbottom, M. with Thomson, R. M.. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2007.Google Scholar
of Malmesbury, William. Gesta Pontificum Anglorum: The History of the English Bishops, Vol. 1: Text and Translation, ed. Winterbottom, M.. Oxford Scholarly Editions Online, 2019. https://bit.ly/44ocbfZ. Accessed 3 May 2024.Google Scholar
Williams, A. and Martin, G. H. (trans.). Domesday Book: A Complete Translation. London: Penguin, 1992.Google Scholar
Wilmart, A. ‘La légende de Ste Édithe en prose et vers par le moine Goscelin’. Analecta Bollandiana 56 (1938), 265–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winterbottom, M. ‘An Edition of Faricius, Vita S. Aldhelmi’. Journal of Medieval Latin 15 (2005), 93–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winterbottom, M. and Lapidge, M. (eds. and trans.). The Early Lives of St Dunstan. Oxford Medieval Texts. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Wright, C. W. The Cultivation of Saga in Anglo-Saxon England. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1939.Google Scholar
Wright, T. A History of Domestic Manners and Sentiments in England during the Middle Ages. London: Chapman & Hall, 1892.Google Scholar
Wright, T. and Wülcker, R. P.. Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies. 2 vols. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftlche Buchgesellscaft, 1968.Google Scholar
Wulfstan, . The Homilies of Wulfstan, ed. D. Bethurum, . Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957.Google Scholar
Wulfstan, . Wulfstan’s Canons of Edgar, ed. Fowler, R.. Early English Text Society 266. London: Oxford University Press, 1972.Google Scholar
Wulfstan, . Sermo Lupi ad Anglos, ed. Whitelock, D., rev. ed. Exeter: Exeter University Press, 1976.Google Scholar
Wulfstan of Winchester. The Life of St Æthelwold, ed. and trans. Lapidge, M. and Winterbottom, M.. Oxford Medieval Texts. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.Google Scholar
Youngs, S. M. ‘The Gaming-Pieces’. In Bruce-Mitford, R. (ed.), The Sutton Hoo Ship-Burial (3 vols.), vol. 3, part 2, ed. Evans, A. Care. London: British Museum Publications, 1983, pp. 853–74.Google Scholar
Ziolkowski, J. (ed. and trans.). The Cambridge Songs (Carmina cantabrigiensia). New York: Garland, 1994.Google Scholar
Ziolkowski, J. ‘Nota Bene: Why the Classics Were Neumed in the Middle Ages’. Journal of Medieval Latin 10 (2000), 74–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ziolkowski, J. M. ‘Women’s Lament and the Neuming of the Classics’. In Haines, J. and Rosenfeld, R. (eds.), Music and Medieval Manuscripts: Paleography and Performance. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2004, pp. 128–50.Google Scholar
- 1
- Cited by