Book contents
- Women and the Judiciary in the Asia-Pacific
- Women and the Judiciary in the Asia-Pacific
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Preface
- Contributors
- Abbreviations
- 1 The Feminisation of the Judiciary in the Asia-Pacific
- 2 ‘To Join the Bench and Be Decision-Makers’
- 3 Reframing Feminist Imperatives in Adjudication through a Reading of Sri Lankan Jurisprudence
- 4 Women in the Thai Judiciary
- 5 The Promise and Paradox of Women Judges in the Judiciary in Indonesia
- 6 Filipino Women Judges and Their Role in Advancing Judicial Independence in the Philippines
- 7 One Decade of Female Judges in the Malaysian Shariah Judiciary
- 8 Gender on the Bench Matters for Sustainable Development
- 9 Feminising the Indian Judiciary
- 10 Concluding Remarks
- Index
- References
6 - Filipino Women Judges and Their Role in Advancing Judicial Independence in the Philippines
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 October 2021
Edited by
Book contents
- Women and the Judiciary in the Asia-Pacific
- Women and the Judiciary in the Asia-Pacific
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Preface
- Contributors
- Abbreviations
- 1 The Feminisation of the Judiciary in the Asia-Pacific
- 2 ‘To Join the Bench and Be Decision-Makers’
- 3 Reframing Feminist Imperatives in Adjudication through a Reading of Sri Lankan Jurisprudence
- 4 Women in the Thai Judiciary
- 5 The Promise and Paradox of Women Judges in the Judiciary in Indonesia
- 6 Filipino Women Judges and Their Role in Advancing Judicial Independence in the Philippines
- 7 One Decade of Female Judges in the Malaysian Shariah Judiciary
- 8 Gender on the Bench Matters for Sustainable Development
- 9 Feminising the Indian Judiciary
- 10 Concluding Remarks
- Index
- References
Summary
To what extent, if any, is there a relationship between gender and judicial independence? This is an understudied area, particularly in the context of non-Western democracies. Although the number of women lawyers and judges has increased significantly, they remain a small proportion of the bench in constitutional courts that decide on constitutional and policy-setting cases. Preceded by a vibrant history of advocacy and activism, Filipino women judges have been a strong voice in articulating and advancing judicial independence through various episodes of the country’s turbulent journey through constitutional democracy. In both liberal and illiberal times, many women judges have stood their ground against political influence or pressure. Women judges have become a force in strengthening the administration of justice. This chapter suggests that the appointment of more women judges through a merit-based process should be part of broader strategy towards judicial independence.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Women and the Judiciary in the Asia-Pacific , pp. 178 - 208Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2021
References
References
Abueva, Jose V. 1965. Social Backgrounds and Recruitment of Legislators and Administrators in the Philippines. Philippine Journal of Public Administration, 9,10–29.Google Scholar
Asia Business Law Journal, 6 August 2020, www.vantageasia.com/the-philippines-law-firm-awards-2019Google Scholar
Alcantara, Adelamar. 1994. Gender Roles, Fertility and the Status of Married Filipino Men and Women. Philippine Sociological Review, 42, 1/4, 94–109.Google Scholar
Ali, Anshari P. 2007. The Legal Impediments to the Application of Islamic Family Law in the Philippines. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 27, 1, 93–115.Google Scholar
Buan, Lian. 2019. ‘Who Voted for Duterte in the Supreme Court?’, Rappler, 18 August, www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/237983-supreme-court-who-voted-for-duterteGoogle Scholar
Casambre, Athena Lydia and Rood, Steven. 2012. Early Feminism in the Philippines, 7 March, https://asiafoundation.org/2012/03/07/early-feminism-in-the-philippinesGoogle Scholar
Ciencia, Alejandro. 2012. From Judicialization to Politicization of the Judiciary: The Philippine Case in Dressel, Bjoern, ed. The Judicialization of Politics in Asia (New York: Routledge).Google Scholar
Chanco, Boo. 2018. ‘Kangaroo Court’, Philippine Star, 16 April, www.philstar.com/business/2018/04/16/1806220/kangaroo-courtGoogle Scholar
Clarke, Gerard. 1995. Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) and the Philippine State: 1986–1993. South East Asia Research, 3, 1, 67–91.Google Scholar
Diamonon, Victoriano. 1919. A Study of the Philippine Government during the Spanish Regime. A Master’s thesis at the University of Iowa Research Online, https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4112&context=etdGoogle Scholar
Deinla, Imelda. 2018. ‘A Wave of Violence against Lawyers Is Crippling the Philippines’ Justice System’, World Politics Review, 20 November, www.worldpoliticsreview.com/trend-lines/26817/a-wave-of-violence-against-lawyers-is-crippling-the-philippines-justice-systemGoogle Scholar
Deinla, Imelda and Dressel, Bjoern. 2019. From Aquino II to Duterte: Change, Continuity – or Rupture (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies), 1–36CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deinla, Imelda and Reyes, Ma. Lulu. 2021. ‘Tipping the Balance? Politics, Personalities and Institutions in the Philippines Supreme Court’, in Taylor, Veronica and Rood, Steve, eds. Contesting the Philippines (Singapore: ISEAS).Google Scholar
Deinla, Imelda and Taylor, Veronica. 2015. Towards Peace: Rethinking Justice and Legal Pluralism in the Bangsamoro. RegNet Research Paper No. 2015/63, 23 January, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2553541Google Scholar
Deinla, Imelda, Taylor, Veronica and Rood, Steven. 2018. ‘Philippines: Justice Removed, Justice Denied’, The Lowy Interpreter, 17 May, www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/philippines-justice-removed-justice-deniedGoogle Scholar
Freedom House. 2019. ‘Philippines: Attacks against Lawyers Escalating’, 19 September, https://freedomhouse.org/article/philippines-attacks-against-lawyers-escalatingGoogle Scholar
Freudenheim, Milt and Slavin, Barbara. 1982. ‘The World in Summary, Bolt from the Bench’, New York Times, 9 May, www.nytimes.com/1982/05/09/weekinreview/the-world-in-summary-bolt-from-the-bench.htmlGoogle Scholar
Gavilan, Jodesz. 2018. ‘Judges, Prosecutors, Lawyers Killed under Duterte Gov’t’ (updated 1 March 2020), Rappler, www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/216239-list-judges-prosecutors-lawyers-killed-under-duterte-governmentGoogle Scholar
Gatmaytan, Dante. 2011. The Judicial Review of Constitutional Amendments: The Insurance Theory in Post-Marcos Philippines. Philippine Law and Society Review, 1, 1, 74–89.Google Scholar
Gilligan, Carol. 1982. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s Development (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press).Google Scholar
Ginsburg, Tom. 2003. Judicial Review in New Democracies: Constitutional Courts in Asia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)Google Scholar
Haynie, Stacia. 1998. Paradise Lost: Politicisation of the Philippine Supreme Court in the Post-Marcos Era. Asian Studies Review, 22, 2, 459–473.Google Scholar
Hendrianto, Stefanus. 2016. The Rise and Fall of Heroic Chief Justice: Constitutional Politics and Judicial Leadership in Indonesia. Washington International Law Journal, 25, 3, 489.Google Scholar
Johnson, D. C. 1916. Courts in the Philippines, Old: New, Michigan Law Review, 14, 4, 300–319.Google Scholar
Judicial and Bar Council. 2020. http://jbc.judiciary.gov.ph/index.php/about-us/judicial-and-bar-council/3-about-jbcGoogle Scholar
Lolarga, Elizabeth. 2012. ‘Natividad Almeda Lopez–Suffragist, Lawyer, a Woman Ahead of Her Time’, Philippine Daily Inquirer, 16 December, https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/81351/natividad-almeda-lopez-suffragist-lawyer-a-woman-ahead-of-her-timeGoogle Scholar
Lucas, Daxim L. 2020. ‘PH Tops “Women in Business” Global Ranking’, Philippine Daily Inquirer, 23 February, https://business.inquirer.net/291145/ph-tops-women-in-business-global-rankingGoogle Scholar
McLoughlin, Kcasey. 2015. The Politics of Gender Diversity on the High Court of Australia. Alternative Law Journal, 40, 3, 166–170.Google Scholar
Miller, Susan and Maier, Shana. 2008. Moving Beyond Numbers: What Female Judges Say about Different Judicial Voices. Journal of Women, Politics and Policy, 29, 4, 527–559.Google Scholar
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. 2017. ‘Women in the Judiciary: Working towards a Legal System Reflective of Society’, March , www.oecd.org/gender/data/women-in-the-judiciary-working-towards-a-legal-system-reflective-of-society.htmGoogle Scholar
Pangalangan, Raul. 2014. ‘The Philippines’ Post-Marcos Judiciary: The Institutional Turn and the Populist Backlash’, in Yeh, Jiunn-rong and Chang, Wen-Chen, eds. Asian Courts in Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 356–374).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Panganiban, Artemio. 2018. ‘Judicial Brinkmanship’, Philippine Daily Inquirer, 19 August, https://opinion.inquirer.net/115477/judicial-brinkmanshipGoogle Scholar
Paqueo, Vicente B. and Orbeta, Aniceto C. Jr., 2019. ‘Gender Equity in Education: Helping the Boys Catch Up’, Discussion Papers DP 2019-01, Philippine Institute for Development Studies, https://ideas.repec.org/p/phd/dpaper/dp_2019–01.htmlGoogle Scholar
Roces, Mina. 2012. Women’s Movements and ‘the Filipina’: 1986–2008 (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tate, C. Neal and Haynie, Stacia L. 1993. Authoritarianism and the Functions of Courts: A Time Series Analysis of the Philippine Supreme Court, 1961–1987. Law and Society Review, 27, 4, 707–740.Google Scholar
Salcedo, Emily Sanchez. 2019. A Five-Year Gender Equality Score Card for the Philippine Supreme Court under Its First Woman Chief Justice: Opportunities Seized and Missed. International Journal of the Legal Profession, 27, 2, 145–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supreme Court of the Philippines (n.d). ‘Maria V. Francisco Is the First Woman Admitted to the Bar in 1911’, http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/3237Google Scholar
Turner, Mark. 1987. ‘The Quest for Political Legitimacy in the Philippines: The Constitutional Plebiscite of 1987’, in Turner, , Mark, , ed. Regime Change in the Philippines, https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/133697/1/Regime_Change_in_the_Philippines.pdfGoogle Scholar
Villanueva, Pura Kalaw. 1952. How the Filipina Got the Vote (Manila, publisher unidentified).Google Scholar
World Justice Project Rule of Law Index. 2020. https://worldjusticeproject.org/our-work/research-and-data/wjp-rule-law-index-2020Google Scholar
Arturo De Castro v. Judicial and Bar Council (GR No. 191002, 17 March 2010)Google Scholar
Bayan et al. v. Eduardo Ermita (GR No. 169838), 18 July 2006)Google Scholar
Candido Mendoza v. Natividad Almeda Lopez et al. (GR No. 45663, 29 September 1937), www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence1937/sep1937/gr_45663_1937.phpGoogle Scholar
Edcel Lagman et al. v. Salvador Medialdea (GR No. 231658, 4 July 2017)Google Scholar
Flight Attendants and Stewards Association of the Philippines (FASAP) v. Philippine Airlines (PAL) (GR No. 178083, 13 March 2018)Google Scholar
Greco Belgica v. Executive Secretary Paquito Ochoa (GR No. 208566, 19 November 2013) 710 SCRA 1Google Scholar
James M Imbong v. Executive Secretary Paquito Ochoa (GR No. 204819, 8 April 2014)Google Scholar
Juan Ponce Enrile v. Sandiganbayan (GR No. 213847, 18 August 2015)Google Scholar
Josue Javellana v. Executive Secretary GR No. 36142, March 31, 1973) 50 SCRA 30Google Scholar
Leila De Lima v. Judge Juanita Guerero (GR No. 229781, 10 October 2017)Google Scholar
Louis Biraogo v. Philippine Truth Commission (PTC) (GR Nos. 192935 and 193036, 7 December 2010)Google Scholar
Pedro Arigo v. Scott Swift (GR No. 206510, 16 September 2014)Google Scholar
People of the Philippines v. Judge Amante Purisima (GR No. L-40902, 20 November 1978), https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1978/nov1978/gr_42050_66_1978.htmlGoogle Scholar
Randolf David et al. v. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo et al. (GR No. 171396, 3 May 2006)Google Scholar
Raul Lambino et al. v. Commission on Elections (GR Nos. 174153 and 174299, 25 October 2006)Google Scholar
Saturnino Ocampo et al. v. Rear Admiral Ernesto Enriquez (GR No. 225973, 8 November 2016)Google Scholar
Senate of the Philippines v. Eduardo Ermita (GR No. 169777, 20 April 2006)Google Scholar
Arturo De Castro v. Judicial and Bar Council (GR No. 191002, 17 March 2010)Google Scholar
Bayan et al. v. Eduardo Ermita (GR No. 169838), 18 July 2006)Google Scholar
Candido Mendoza v. Natividad Almeda Lopez et al. (GR No. 45663, 29 September 1937), www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence1937/sep1937/gr_45663_1937.phpGoogle Scholar
Edcel Lagman et al. v. Salvador Medialdea (GR No. 231658, 4 July 2017)Google Scholar
Flight Attendants and Stewards Association of the Philippines (FASAP) v. Philippine Airlines (PAL) (GR No. 178083, 13 March 2018)Google Scholar
Greco Belgica v. Executive Secretary Paquito Ochoa (GR No. 208566, 19 November 2013) 710 SCRA 1Google Scholar
James M Imbong v. Executive Secretary Paquito Ochoa (GR No. 204819, 8 April 2014)Google Scholar
Juan Ponce Enrile v. Sandiganbayan (GR No. 213847, 18 August 2015)Google Scholar
Josue Javellana v. Executive Secretary GR No. 36142, March 31, 1973) 50 SCRA 30Google Scholar
Leila De Lima v. Judge Juanita Guerero (GR No. 229781, 10 October 2017)Google Scholar
Louis Biraogo v. Philippine Truth Commission (PTC) (GR Nos. 192935 and 193036, 7 December 2010)Google Scholar
Pedro Arigo v. Scott Swift (GR No. 206510, 16 September 2014)Google Scholar
People of the Philippines v. Judge Amante Purisima (GR No. L-40902, 20 November 1978), https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1978/nov1978/gr_42050_66_1978.htmlGoogle Scholar
Randolf David et al. v. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo et al. (GR No. 171396, 3 May 2006)Google Scholar
Raul Lambino et al. v. Commission on Elections (GR Nos. 174153 and 174299, 25 October 2006)Google Scholar
Saturnino Ocampo et al. v. Rear Admiral Ernesto Enriquez (GR No. 225973, 8 November 2016)Google Scholar
Senate of the Philippines v. Eduardo Ermita (GR No. 169777, 20 April 2006)Google Scholar
List of Cases
Arturo De Castro v. Judicial and Bar Council (GR No. 191002, 17 March 2010)Google Scholar
Bayan et al. v. Eduardo Ermita (GR No. 169838), 18 July 2006)Google Scholar
Candido Mendoza v. Natividad Almeda Lopez et al. (GR No. 45663, 29 September 1937), www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence1937/sep1937/gr_45663_1937.phpGoogle Scholar
Edcel Lagman et al. v. Salvador Medialdea (GR No. 231658, 4 July 2017)Google Scholar
Flight Attendants and Stewards Association of the Philippines (FASAP) v. Philippine Airlines (PAL) (GR No. 178083, 13 March 2018)Google Scholar
Greco Belgica v. Executive Secretary Paquito Ochoa (GR No. 208566, 19 November 2013) 710 SCRA 1Google Scholar
James M Imbong v. Executive Secretary Paquito Ochoa (GR No. 204819, 8 April 2014)Google Scholar
Juan Ponce Enrile v. Sandiganbayan (GR No. 213847, 18 August 2015)Google Scholar
Josue Javellana v. Executive Secretary GR No. 36142, March 31, 1973) 50 SCRA 30Google Scholar
Leila De Lima v. Judge Juanita Guerero (GR No. 229781, 10 October 2017)Google Scholar
Louis Biraogo v. Philippine Truth Commission (PTC) (GR Nos. 192935 and 193036, 7 December 2010)Google Scholar
Pedro Arigo v. Scott Swift (GR No. 206510, 16 September 2014)Google Scholar
People of the Philippines v. Judge Amante Purisima (GR No. L-40902, 20 November 1978), https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1978/nov1978/gr_42050_66_1978.htmlGoogle Scholar
Randolf David et al. v. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo et al. (GR No. 171396, 3 May 2006)Google Scholar
Raul Lambino et al. v. Commission on Elections (GR Nos. 174153 and 174299, 25 October 2006)Google Scholar
Saturnino Ocampo et al. v. Rear Admiral Ernesto Enriquez (GR No. 225973, 8 November 2016)Google Scholar
Senate of the Philippines v. Eduardo Ermita (GR No. 169777, 20 April 2006)Google Scholar