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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 August 2021
A Turkic nominal phrase is a syntactic group containing two or more words and provided with a nominal head. In the syntactic hierarchy, it is higher than a word and lower than a clause. The formal relationship between the head and its dependent is mostly juxtapositional, without morphological agreement marking within the phrase. In possessor-possessum constructions, however, dependents usually bear genitive suffixes, whereas their heads bear agreement markers. The nominal phrase functions as a single syntactic unit and belongs to the same substitution class as its head. Suffixes attached to the head, e.g. case markers required at the clause level, pertain to the whole phrase. Genuine Turkic nominal phrases are left-branching, with the dependents preceding their heads and with specific rules governing the ordering of the dependents. Older written languages such as Chaghatay and Ottoman display right-branching nominal phrases as combinational syntactic copies from Arabic-Persian. There is still much need for closer studies of the structure of nominal phrases with respect to their semantics and pragmatics, e.g. possession, determination, and reference.
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