Consequences of trait changes in host–parasitoid interactions in insect communities

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511736551.006

Chapter Three - Consequences of trait changes in host–parasitoid interactions in insect communities

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 February 2013

F. J. Frank van Veen and

Edited by

Oswald Schmitz and

F. J. Frank van Veen: Affiliation:
Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter
H. Charles Godfray: Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford
Takayuki Ohgushi: Affiliation:
Kyoto University, Japan
Oswald Schmitz: Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
Robert D. Holt: Affiliation:
University of Florida

Book contents

Get access

Summary

Introduction

Interactions between species can be direct, for example between predators and prey, or indirect where the effect of one species on another is transmitted by an intermediate species. This book is concerned with indirect effects that are mediated by changes in traits of the intermediate species. In this chapter we review evidence from research on insect host–parasitoid systems for the importance of trait-mediated indirect interactions in determining the dynamics and structure of insect food webs.

Parasitoids, like parasites, require a host organism for much of their development but unlike parasites they need to kill their host to complete development to the free-living adult stage. The parasitoid lifestyle has evolved in a number of insect groups, including the Diptera and the Coleoptera, but has reached its greatest diversity in the Hymenoptera, comprising probably over a million species (Quicke 1997). Their hosts are other arthropods, mainly insects but also spiders, for example. Parasitoid wasps have been popular subjects for biological research, in part because of their abundance and diversity which indicates their ecological significance and utility for biological control, but also because of their lifestyle which makes many aspects of their ecology and behaviour easier to study than those of predators.

Type: Chapter
Information: Trait-Mediated Indirect Interactions
Ecological and Evolutionary Perspectives
, pp. 28 - 46

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511736551.006 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agelopoulos, N. G.Keller, M. A. 1994 Journal of Chemical Ecology 20 1735CrossRef

Andow, D. A. 1991 Vegetational diversity and arthropod population responseAnnual Review of Entomology 36 561CrossRef Google Scholar

Beckerman, A. P.Petchey, O. L.Warren, P. H. 2006 Foraging biology predicts food web complexityProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103 13745CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Beckerman, A. P.Uriarte, M.Schmitz, O. J. 1997 Experimental evidence for a behavior-mediated trophic cascade in a terrestrial food chainProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 94 10735CrossRef Google Scholar

Boenisch, A.Petersen, G.Wyss, U. 1997 Influence of the hyperparasitoid on the reproduction of the grain aphid Ecological Entomology 22 1CrossRef Google Scholar

Borer, E. T.Seabloom, E. W.Shurin, J. B. 2005 What determines the strength of a trophic cascadeEcology 86 528CrossRef Google Scholar

Bukovinszky, T.Veen, F. J. F.Jongema, Y.Dicke, M. 2008 Direct and indirect effects of resource quality on food web structureScience 319 804CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Cardinale, B. J.Harvey, C. T.Gross, KIves, A. R. 2003 Biodiversity and biocontrol: emergent impacts of a multi-enemy assemblage on pest suppression and crop yield in an agroecosystemEcology Letters 6 857CrossRef Google Scholar

Chaneton, E. J.Bonsall, M. B. 2000 Enemy-mediated apparent competition: empirical patterns and the evidenceOikos 88 380CrossRef Google Scholar

Cohen, J. E.Briand, F.Newman, C. M. 1990 Community Food Webs: Data and TheoryBerlin, GermanySpringer-VerlagCrossRef Google Scholar

De Moraes, C. M.Lewis, W. J.Pare, P. W.Alborn, H. T.Tumlinson, J. H. 1998 Herbivore-infested plants selectively attract parasitoidsNature 393 570CrossRef Google Scholar

Dixon, A. F. G. 1998 Aphid EcologyLondonChapman and HallGoogle Scholar

Du, Y. J.Poppy, G. M.Powell, W. 1996 Relative importance of semiochemicals from first and second trophic levels in host foraging behavior of Journal of Chemical Ecology 22 1591CrossRef Google Scholar

Duffy, J. E. 2002 Biodiversity and ecosystem function: the consumer connectionOikos 99 201CrossRef Google Scholar

Duffy, J. E.Richardson, J. P.France, K. E. 2005 Ecosystem consequences of diversity depend on food chain length in estuarine vegetationEcology Letters 8 301CrossRef Google Scholar

Geervliet, J. B. F.Vet, L. E. M.Dicke, M. 1996 Innate responses of the parasitoids and (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to volatiles from different plant–herbivore complexesJournal of Insect Behavior 9 525CrossRef Google Scholar

Godfray, H. C. J. 1994 Parasitoids: Behavioral and Evolutionary EcologyPrinceton, NJPrinceton University PressGoogle Scholar

Gray, S.Gildow, F. E. 2003 Luteovirus–aphid interactionsAnnual Review of Phytopathology 41 539CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Halaj, J.Wise, D. H. 2001 Terrestrial trophic cascades: how much do they trickle?American Naturalist 157 262CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Hambäck, P. A.Stenberg, J. A.Ericson, L. 2006 Asymmetric indirect interactions mediated by a shared parasitoid: connecting species traits and local distribution patterns for two chrysomelid beetlesOecologia 148 475CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Hanski, I. 1999 Metapopulation EcologyOxfordOxford University PressGoogle Scholar

Hassell, M. P. 1971 Mutual interference between searching insect parasitesJournal of Animal Ecology 40 473CrossRef Google Scholar

Hassell, M. P. 2000 Host–parasitoid population dynamicsJournal of Animal Ecology 69 543CrossRef Google Scholar

Hassell, M. P.Varley, G. C. 1969 New inductive population model for insect parasites and its bearing on biological controlNature 223 1133CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Hawlena, D.Perez-Mellado, V. 2009 Change your diet or die: predator-induced shifts in insectivorous lizard feeding ecologyOecologia 161 411CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Hillebrand, H.Cardinale, B. J. 2004 Consumer effects decline with prey diversityEcology Letters 7 192CrossRef Google Scholar

Hogenhout, S. A.Ammar, E. D.Whitfield, A. E.Redinbaugh, M. G. 2008 Insect vector interactions with persistently transmitted virusesAnnual Review of Phytopathology 46 327CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Höller, C.Borgemeister, C.Haardt, H.Powell, W. 1993 The relationship between primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of cereal aphids: an analysis of field dataJournal of Animal Ecology 62 12CrossRef Google Scholar

Holt, R. D. 1977 Predation, apparent competition, and structure of prey communitiesTheoretical Population Biology 12 197CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Ings, T. C.Montoya, J. M.Bascompte, J. 2009 Ecological networks: beyond food websJournal of Animal Ecology 78CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Johnson, M. T. J.Lajeunesse, M. J.Agrawal, A. A. 2006 Additive and interactive effects of plant genotypic diversity on arthropod communities and plant fitnessEcology Letters 9 24Google Scholar PubMed

Jones, T. S.Allen, E.Härri, S. A.Krauss, J.Müller, C. B.Veen, F. J. F. 2011 Effects of genetic diversity of grass on insect species diversity at higher trophic levels are not due to cascading diversity effectsOikos 120 1031CrossRef Google Scholar

Kratina, P.Vos, M.Anholt, B. R. 2007 Species diversity modulates predationEcology 88 1917CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Kunert, G.Otto, S.Rose, U. S. R.Gershenzon, J.Weisser, W. W. 2005 Alarm pheromone mediates production of winged dispersal morphs in aphidsEcology Letters 8 596CrossRef Google Scholar

Kunert, G.Trautsch, J.Weisser, W. W. 2007 Density dependence of the alarm pheromone effect in pea aphids, (Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae)European Journal of Entomology 104 47CrossRef Google Scholar

Law, R.Plank, M. J.James, A.Blanchard, J. L. 2009 Size-spectra dynamics from stochastic predation and growth of individualsEcology 90 802CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

LeBrun, E. G.Feener, D. H. 2002 Linked indirect effects in ant–phorid interactions: impacts on ant assemblage structureOecologia 133 599CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

LeBrun, E. G.Plowes, R. M.Gilbert, L. E. 2009 Indirect competition facilitates widespread displacement of one naturalized parasitoid of imported fire ants by anotherEcology 90 1184CrossRef Google Scholar

Leibold, M. A. 1989 Resource edibility and the effects of predators and productivity on the outcome of trophic interactionsAmerican Naturalist 134 922CrossRef Google Scholar

Levins, R. 1969 Some demographic and genetic consequences of environmental heterogeneity for biological controlBulletin of the Entomological Society of America 15 237CrossRef Google Scholar

McCall, P. J.Turlings, T. C. J.Lewis, W. J.Tumlinson, J. H. 1993 Role of plant volatiles in host location by the specialist parasitoid (Braconidae, Hymenoptera)Journal of Insect Behavior 6 625CrossRef Google Scholar

Mondor, E. B.Tremblay, M. N.Lindroth, R. L. 2004 Transgenerational phenotypic plasticity under future atmospheric conditionsEcology Letters 7 941CrossRef Google Scholar

Montgomery, M. E.Nault, L. R. 1977 Comparative response of aphids to alarm pheromone, (e)-β-farneseneEntomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 22 236CrossRef Google Scholar

Montoya, J. M.Pimm, S. L.Sole, R. V. 2006 Ecological networks and their fragilityNature 442 259CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Mooney, K. A.Gruner, D. S.Barber, N. A. 2010 Interactions among predators and the cascading effects of vertebrate insectivores on arthropod communities and plantsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America107Google Scholar PubMed

Müller, C. B.Adriaanse, I. C. T.Belshaw, R.Godfray, H. C. J. 1999 The structure of an aphid–parasitoid communityJournal of Animal Ecology 68 346CrossRef Google Scholar

Ng, J. C. K.Falk, B. W. 2006 Virus–vector interactions mediating nonpersistent and semipersistent transmission of plant virusesAnnual Review of Phytopathology 44 183CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Nicholson, A. J.Bailey, V. A. 1935 The balance of animal populationsProceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1 551CrossRef Google Scholar

Palomo, G.Botto, F.Navarro, D.Escapa, M.Iribarne, O. 2003 Does the presence of the SW Atlantic burrowing crab Dana affect predator–prey interactions between shorebirds and polychaetes?Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 290CrossRef Google Scholar

Petchey, O. L.Beckerman, A. P.Riede, J. O.Warren, P. H. 2008 Size, foraging, and food web structureProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 4191CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Poelman, E. H.Dam, N. M.Loon, J. J. A.Vet, L. E. M.Dicke, M. 2009 Chemical diversity in affects biodiversity of insect herbivoresEcology 90 1863CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Polis, G. A. 1999 Why are parts of the world green? Multiple factors control productivity and the distribution of biomassOikos 86 3CrossRef Google Scholar

Polis, G. A.Sears, A. L. W.Huxel, G. R.Strong, D. R.Maron, J. 2000 When is a trophic cascade a trophic cascade?Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15 473CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Quicke, D. L. J. 1997 Parasitic WaspsLondonChapman and HallGoogle Scholar

Ripple, W. J.Beschta, R. L. 2007 Restoring Yellowstone’s aspen with wolvesBiological Conservation 138 514CrossRef Google Scholar

Schmitz, O. J.Beckerman, A. P.O’Brien, K. M. 1997 Behaviorally mediated trophic cascades: effects of predation risk on food web interactionsEcology 78 1388CrossRef Google Scholar

Schmitz, O. J.Hambäck, P. A.Beckerman, A. P. 2000 Trophic cascades in terrestrial systems: a review of the effects of carnivore removals on plantsAmerican Naturalist 155 141CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Shurin, J. B.Borer, E. T.Seabloom, E. W. 2002 A cross-ecosystem comparison of the strength of trophic cascadesEcology Letters 5CrossRef Google Scholar

Sloggett, J. J.Weisser, W. W. 2002 Parasitoids induce production of the dispersal morph of the pea aphid, Oikos 98 323CrossRef Google Scholar

Sole, R. V.Montoya, J. M. 2001 Complexity and fragility in ecological networksProceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 268 2039CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Steiner, C. F. 2001 The effects of prey heterogeneity and consumer identity on the limitation of trophic-level biomassEcology 82 2495CrossRef Google Scholar

Strong, D. R. 1992 Are trophic cascades all wet? Differentiation and donor-control in speciose ecosystemsEcology 73 747CrossRef Google Scholar

Terborg, J.Estes, J. A. 2010 Trophic Cascades: Predators, Prey and the Changing Dynamics of NatureWashington DCIsland Press

Turlings, T. C. J.Benrey, B. 1998 Effects of plant metabolites on the behavior and development of parasitic waspsEcoscience 5 321CrossRef Google Scholar

Turlings, T. C. J.McCall, P. J.Alborn, H. T.Tumlinson, J. H. 1993 An elicitor in caterpillar oral secretions that induces corn seedlings to emit chemical signals attractive to parasitic waspsJournal of Chemical Ecology 19 411CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Turlings, T. C. J.Tumlinson, J. H.Lewis, W. J. 1990 Exploitation of herbivore-induced plant odors by host-seeking parasitic waspsScience 250 1251CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Underwood, N.Rausher, M. D. 2000 The effects of host-plant genotype on herbivore population dynamicsEcology 81 1565CrossRef Google Scholar

Veen, F. J. F.Brandon, C. E.Godfray, H. C. J. 2009 A positive trait-mediated indirect effect involving the natural enemies of competing herbivoresOecologia 160 195CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Veen, F. J. F.Morris, R. J.Godfray, H. C. J. 2006 Apparent competition, quantitative food webs, and the structure of phytophagous insect communitiesAnnual Review of Entomology 51 187CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Veen, F. J. F.Mueller, C. B.Pell, J. K.Godfray, H. C. J. 2008 Food web structure of three guilds of natural enemies: predators, parasitoids and pathogens of aphidsJournal of Animal Ecology 77 191CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Veen, F. J. F.Rajkumar, A.Müller, C. B.Godfray, H. C. J. 2001 Increased reproduction by pea aphids in the presence of secondary parasitoidsEcological Entomology 26 425CrossRef Google Scholar

Veen, F. J. F.Holland, P. D.Godfray, H. C. J. 2005 Stable coexistence in insect communities due to density- and trait-mediated indirect effectsEcology 86 3182CrossRef Google Scholar

Vet, L. E. M.Dicke, M. 1992 Ecology of infochemical use by natural enemies in a tritrophic contextAnnual Review of Entomology 37 141CrossRef Google Scholar

Vos, M.Berrocal, S. M.Karamaouna, F.Hemerik, L.Vet, L. E. M. 2001 Plant-mediated indirect effects and the persistence of parasitoid-herbivore communitiesEcology Letters 4 38CrossRef Google Scholar

Weisser, W. W.Braendle, C.Minoretti, N. 1999 Predator-induced morphological shift in the pea aphidProceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 266 1175CrossRef Google Scholar

Williams, R. J.Martinez, N. D. 2000 Simple rules yield complex food websNature 404 180CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Book contents

Chapter Three - Consequences of trait changes in host–parasitoid interactions in insect communities

Summary

Access options

References

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive