Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Thermal stability
- Part II Flame retardancy
- 7 Introduction to flame retardancy of polymer–clay nanocomposites
- 8 Flame retardant nanocomposites with polymer blends
- 9 Flame retardancy of polyamide/clay nanocomposites
- 10 Self-extinguishing polymer–clay nanocomposites
- 11 Flame retardant polymer nanocomposites with fullerenes as filler
- 12 Flame retardant polymer nanocomposites with alumina as filler
- 13 Polymer/layered double hydroxide flame retardant nanocomposites
- 14 Flame retardant SBS–clay nanocomposites
- Index
- References
9 - Flame retardancy of polyamide/clay nanocomposites
from Part II - Flame retardancy
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2011
Edited by
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Part I Thermal stability
- Part II Flame retardancy
- 7 Introduction to flame retardancy of polymer–clay nanocomposites
- 8 Flame retardant nanocomposites with polymer blends
- 9 Flame retardancy of polyamide/clay nanocomposites
- 10 Self-extinguishing polymer–clay nanocomposites
- 11 Flame retardant polymer nanocomposites with fullerenes as filler
- 12 Flame retardant polymer nanocomposites with alumina as filler
- 13 Polymer/layered double hydroxide flame retardant nanocomposites
- 14 Flame retardant SBS–clay nanocomposites
- Index
- References
Summary
Introduction
Polymer/clay nanocomposites have received considerable attention during the past decade, both in industry and in academia, because of their attractive improvement of material properties relative to pure polymers and conventional polymer composites. The improvements include mechanical, thermal, flame retardant, and gas barrier performance. It is believed that the improvements are mainly attributable to the nanometric size dispersion of the clay and the specific interfacial interaction between the polymer matrix and clay layers.
The structure and properties of clays
The clays commonly used in polymer nanocomposites belong to the family of 2:1 layered silicates or phyllosilicates. The crystal structure of the clay layers is made up of two tetrahedrally coordinated silicon atoms, which are fused to an edge-shared octahedral sheet of either aluminum or magnesium hydroxide. The layer thickness is about 1 nm and the lateral dimension of the layers may vary from 30 nm to several micrometers or even larger, depending on the particular silicate. There is a van der Waals gap between the layers, usually called a gallery or interlayer. Isomorphic substitution within the crystal structure of the layer (for example, Al3+ replaced by Mg2+ or by Fe2+, or Mg2+ replaced by Li+) generates negative charges that are counterbalanced by alkali and alkaline earth cations situated inside the interlayer.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Thermally Stable and Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites , pp. 210 - 236Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011
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