Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 October 2021
• The underlying pathophysiology of schizophrenia remains to be fully elucidated.
• Dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin are three of the most important neurotransmitter systems involved in schizophrenia and in the mechanism of action of conventional and atypical antipsychotics.
• Each antipsychotic has a unique receptor profile, important in the alleviation of symptoms and induction of side effects.
• Atypical antipsychotics can have cardiometabolic risks, and thus patients need to be monitored when treatment is initiated.
• Today's psychopharmacologist has many choices when it comes to choosing an antipsychotic and can individualize treatment with the goals of maximizing treatment and minimizing side effects.
• It is necessary for psychopharmacologists to understand the art of switching between different antipsychotics, as patients will most likely have to try different medications in order to reach an optimal treatment plan.
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