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Chapter 8 - Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 April 2024

By
Andrea E. Cavanna  and
Alan Carson
Edited by
David Kingdon ,
Paul Rowlands  and
George Stein
David Kingdon
Affiliation:
University of Southampton
Paul Rowlands
Affiliation:
Derbyshire Healthcare NHS foundation Trust
George Stein
Affiliation:
Emeritus of the Princess Royal University Hospital
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Summary

Neuropsychiatry has a long and fascinating history as a discipline at the interface between neurology and psychiatry that combines clinical observations with modern investigational techniques. Historically, organic psychiatry has focused on clinical syndromes with regional connections affecting the four cortical lobes and the corpus callosum. Behavioural neurology has developed from early observations of classical neurocognitive syndromes, including aphasia, alexia, apraxia, agnosia and Gerstmann syndrome. A number of common neurological conditions often present with specific psychiatric symptoms: traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular disease, brain tumours, epilepsy, movement disorders, infectious diseases and autoimmune neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune encephalopathies. The differential diagnosis between delirium, dementia and pseudodementia can pose significant challenges. Finally, several toxic, metabolic and endocrine disorders can have clinically relevant neuropsychiatric manifestations.

Keywords

behavioural neurologyneuropsychiatryorganic psychiatrytraumatic brain injuryepilepsymovement disordersinfectious diseasesmultiple sclerosisdeliriumdementia
Type
Chapter
Information
Seminars in General Adult Psychiatry , pp. 460 - 526
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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References

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Further Reading

Agrawal, N, Faruqui, R, Bodani, M (eds). Oxford Textbook of Neuropsychiatry. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arciniegas, DB, Yudofsky, SC, Hales, RE (eds). The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 6th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Publishing; 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cavanna, AE. Motion and Emotion: The Neuropsychiatry of Movement Disorders and Epilepsy. New York: Springer; 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
David, A, Fleminger, S, Kopelman, M, et al. Lishman’s Organic Psychiatry: A Textbook of Neuropsychiatry. 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trimble, MR, George, M. Biological Psychiatry. 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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