Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-v2bm5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-12T09:40:25.477Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

23 - Spectroscopy and quantum-optical correlations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2012

Mackillo Kira  and
Stephan W. Koch
Mackillo Kira
Affiliation:
Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany
Stephan W. Koch
Affiliation:
Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany
Get access

Summary

In the previous chapters, we have seen that quantum-optical correlations can produce effects that have no classical explanation. In particular, the matter excitations can depend strongly on the specific form of the quantum fluctuations, i.e., the quantum statistics of the light source. For example, Fock-state sources can produce quantum Rabi flopping with discrete frequencies while coherent-state sources generate a sequence of collapses and revivals in atomic excitations. Hence, not only the intensity or the classical amplitude of the field is relevant but also the quantum statistics of the exciting light influences the matter response. Even if we take sources with identical intensities, the resulting atomic excitations are fully periodic for a Fock-state excitation while a coherentstate excitation produces a chaotic Bloch-vector trajectory with multiple collapses and revivals.

In this chapter, we use this fundamental observation as the basis to develop the concept of quantum-optical spectroscopy. We show in Chapter 30 that this method yields a particularly intriguing scheme to characterize and control the quantum dynamics in solids. Since one cannot imagine how to exactly compute the many-body wave function or the density matrix, we also study how principal quantum-optical effects can be described with the help of the cluster-expansion scheme.

Quantum-optical spectroscopy

Historically, the continued refinement of optical spectroscopy and its use to manipulate the states of matter has followed a very distinct path where one simultaneously tries to control and characterize light with increased accuracy.

Type
Chapter
Information
Semiconductor Quantum Optics , pp. 457 - 479
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Stenholm, S. (1984). Foundations of Laser Spectroscopy, New York, Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Demtöder, W. (2003). Laser Spectroscopy Basic Concepts and Instrumentation, 3rd edition, Berlin, Springer.Google Scholar
Kira, M. and Koch, S. W. (2006). Quantum-optical spectroscopy in semiconductors, Phys. Rev. A 73, 013813.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koch, S. W., Kira, M., Khitrova, G., and Gibbs, H. M. (2006). Semiconductor excitons in new light, Nature Materials 5, 523.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yuen, H. P. and Shapiro, J. H. (1980). Optical communication with two-photon coherent states–Part III: Quantum measurements realizable with photoemissive detectors, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 26, 78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yuen, H. P. and Chan, V. W. S. (1983). Noise in homodyne and heterodyne detection, Opt. Lett. 8, 177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vogel, K. and Risken, H. (1989). Determination of quasiprobability distributions in terms of probability distributions for the rotated quadrature phase, Phys. Rev. A 40, 2847.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smithey, D. T., Beck, M., Raymer, M. G. and Faridani, A. (1993). Measurement of the Wigner distribution and the density matrix of a light mode using optical homodyne tomography: Application to squeezed states and the vacuum, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 1244.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Husimi, K. (1940). Some formal properties of the density matrix, Proc. Phys. Math. Soc. Jpn. 22, 264.Google Scholar
Glauber, R. J. (1963). Coherent and incoherent states of the radiation field, Phys. Rev. 131, 2766.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sudarshan, E. C. G. (1963). Equivalence of semiclassical and quantum mechanical descriptions of statistical light beams, Phys. Rev. Lett. 10, 277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agarwal, G. S. and Wolf, E. (1970). Calculus for functions of noncommuting operators and general phase-space methods in quantum mechanics. 1. Mapping theorems and ordering of functions of noncommuting operators, Phys. Rev. D 2, 2161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drummond, P. D. and Gardiner, C. W. (1980). Generalized P-representation in quantum optics, J. Phys. A-Math. and Gen. 13, 2353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hillery, M., O'Connell, R. F., Scully, M. O., and Wigner, E. P. (1984). Distribution-functions in physics – fundamentals, Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. of Phys. Lett. 106, 121.Google Scholar
Leonhardt, U. (1997). Measuring the Quantum State of Light, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Vogel, W. and Welsch, D.-G. (2006). Quantum Optics, 3rd edition, Darmstadt, Wiley.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walls, D. F. and Milburn, G. J. (2008). Quantum Optics, 2nd edition, Berlin, Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kira, M. and Koch, S. W. (2008). Cluster-expansion representation in quantum optics, Phys. Rev. A 78, 022102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×