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6 - Raman Spectroscopy

Theory and Laboratory Spectra of Geologic Materials

from Part I - Theory of Remote Compositional Analysis Techniques and Laboratory Measurements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2019

By
Shiv K. Sharma  and
Miles J. Egan
Edited by
Janice L. Bishop ,
James F. Bell III  and
Jeffrey E. Moersch
Janice L. Bishop
Affiliation:
SETI Institute, California
James F. Bell III
Affiliation:
Arizona State University
Jeffrey E. Moersch
Affiliation:
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
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Summary

This chapter describes the phenomenon of Raman scattering from the point of view of classical electrodynamics and quantum mechanics. Raman scattering is a type of inelastic scattering of light by molecules that changes the energy of a photon by the energy equal to a vibrational transition of that molecule. The symmetry of vibrational modes and the activity of vibrational modes in Raman spectra is discussed via group theory for molecules and minerals. The chapter describes how the information gleaned from Raman spectra can be used to identify structural information about a given sample and how this information can be useful to Earth and planetary scientists. The principal components of laboratory and remote Raman instrumentation are defined, including excitation sources, spectrographs, and detectors, and the ways in which recent advances in technology have facilitated the application of Raman spectroscopy for Earth and planetary science are discussed. Some technological advances include the development of reliable continuous wave (CW) and pulsed lasers at a variety of wavelengths, the advancement of multichannel detectors such as two-dimensional charge-coupled devices and photodiode arrays, and the coupling of optical accessories such as microscopes and telescopes. The applications of these advanced Raman systems in the fields of Earth and planetary science are highlighted.

Keywords

micro-Raman spectroscopytime-resolved Ramanremote Ramanplanetary icesfluid inclusionsmineralsglassessilicate melts
Type
Chapter
Information
Remote Compositional Analysis
Techniques for Understanding Spectroscopy, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry of Planetary Surfaces
 , pp. 120 - 146
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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