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from Section 10 - Complications of the Cord, Amnion, and Gravid Uterus
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 April 2025
Oligohydramnios may be found incidentally during routine ultrasound assessment, during evaluation of fetal well-being in complicated pregnancies, when evaluating decreased fetal movement, or a size to dates discrepancy. The primary method used to identify low amniotic fluid is trans abdominal ultrasound. A single deepest fluid pocket (SDP) with a width >1 cm, free of umbilical cord or fetal limbs should be measured. A four-quadrant measurement, amniotic fluid index, overestimates oligohydramnios without improving perinatal outcomes, thus SDP is the preferred method of measurement assessment of amniotic fluid. Fetal, placental, and maternal conditions can cause derangements in amniotic fluid production, leading to oligohydramnios. Gestational age at diagnosis can help to guide evaluation and narrow the possible causes after rupture of membranes is excluded. Timing of delivery is based on underlying cause and ongoing fetal assessment with recommended delivery for uncomplicated isolated oligohydramnios by the end of the 37th week.
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