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25 - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

from Section 5 - Respiratory Emergencies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 November 2023

By
Rmaah Memon  and
Andrew Eyre
Edited by
Kaushal Shah  and
Jarone Lee
Edited in association with
Clark G. Owyang  and
Benjamin Christian Renne
Kaushal Shah
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
Jarone Lee
Affiliation:
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
Clark G. Owyang
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York
Benjamin Christian Renne
Affiliation:
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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Summary

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease characterized by a limitation in airflow that is not fully reversible. It includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Smoking is the most common risk factor for COPD. However, exposures to biofuels, air pollution and other chemical irritants are common factors in certain areas of the world. It leads to alveolar damage, increased mucus production, air trapping, hyperinflation and airflow obstruction.

Keywords

COPDchronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCOPD exacerbationspirometrynoninvasive positive pressure ventilationmechanical ventilationintubation
Type
Chapter
Information
Practical Emergency Resuscitation and Critical Care , pp. 226 - 233
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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References

Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Available from: https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/GOLD-2020-FINAL-ver1.2-03Dec19_WMV.pdf [last accessed February 16, 2023].Google Scholar

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