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from Section 5 - Respiratory Emergencies
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 November 2023
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is severe respiratory distress of an acute and persistent nature, caused by one or more predisposing conditions and resulting in refractory arterial hypoxemia. The pathophysiology of ARDS is characterized by fluid buildup within alveoli, causing surfactant dysfunction and decreased lung compliance. Approximately 50% of cases are due to severe infection, either focal (such as pneumonia) or systemic (such as sepsis).
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