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11 - Real and Symbolic Entry of Children in the Social World of Peers and Parent–Child Interactions: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Aspects

from Part III - Peers and Parents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 August 2009

By
Paul P. Goudena
Edited by
Xinyin Chen ,
Doran C. French  and
Barry H. Schneider
Paul P. Goudena
Affiliation:
Utrecht University Utrecht, The Netherlands
Xinyin Chen
Affiliation:
University of Western Ontario
Doran C. French
Affiliation:
Illinois Wesleyan University
Barry H. Schneider
Affiliation:
University of Ottawa
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Summary

In this chapter, I rely on the notions of independent and interdependent pathways to relationship formation (Greenfield et al., 2003) to put peer interaction and parenting in a cross-cultural perspective and apply the equality model and apprentice model (Keller, 2003) to analyze culture-specific parental practices with children. I then attempt to integrate the main ideas from these different theoretical models and perspectives in the chapter.

According to Greenfield et al. (2003), the analysis of independent and interdependent cultural pathways may be undertaken in a fruitful way by using three perspectives: the ecocultural, the values, and the sociohistorical approaches. The ecocultural approach focuses on the way individuals adapt to specific environmental conditions, such as a densely populated urban area or a small-scale agrarian village setting. The independent pathway is more connected with the first setting, and the interdependent pathway more with the second setting. The values approach pays special attention to the systems of beliefs and ideas that individuals – especially parents – have concerning human development and socialization goals. These “ethnotheories” are shared by members of cultural communities. People from non-Western cultures, for example, often share the cultural ideal of interdependence. Individuals should be responsible members of their communities, respect older people, and be loyal to the family. In Western industrialized societies, independence is the cultural ideal. Appreciation of individual assertiveness and high self-esteem, and giving priority to individual goals, are indices of such an orientation.

Type
Chapter
Information
Peer Relationships in Cultural Context , pp. 247 - 263
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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