Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-12T01:37:02.306Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

6 - Changing Trends in Opioid Misuse

from Part II - Recognizing That a Problem Exists

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 October 2023

Ethan O. Bryson  and
Christine E. Boxhorn
Ethan O. Bryson
Affiliation:
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
Christine E. Boxhorn
Affiliation:
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
Get access

Summary

Consuming opioids for nonmedical reasons has occurred for centuries. Although epidemiologic research on opioid misuse can be difficult, we do know that it differs from what has been witnessed in the past. The types of opioids, the methods in which they are consumed and the geographical locations most affected are just some of the characteristics that have changed over time. Efforts are currently underway to predict the course of the opioid epidemic through the use of mathematical modeling and computer programming.

Keywords

opioid misuseoxycontinheroinfentanyltramadolgendercultureMiddle East/North Africa (MENA)
Type
Chapter
Information
The Opioid Epidemic
Origins, Current State and Potential Solutions
 , pp. 60 - 76
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References and Further Reading

Bauer-Babef, C (2021). Opioid use: ‘more controlled’ in Europe than in the US. Euractiv, 20 October. www.euractiv.com/section/health-consumers/news/opioid-use-more-controlled-in-europe-than-in-the-us/Google Scholar
BBC (2018). Nigeria’s deadly codeine cough syrup epidemic. 30 April 2018. BBC [Online Video]. www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-africa-43944309Google Scholar
Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction (2022). Canadian drug summary: Opioids. www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2022-11/CCSA-Canadian-Drug-Summary--Opioids-2022-en.pdfGoogle Scholar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019). Annual surveillance report of drug‐related risks and outcomes: United States. www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/pdf/pubs/2019-cdc-drug-surveillance-report.pdfGoogle Scholar
Ciccarone, D (2021). The rise of illicit fentanyls, stimulants and the fourth wave of the opioid overdose crisis. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 34(4): 344–350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Edinoff, AN, Kaufman, SE, Chauncy, TM, et al. (2022). Addiction and COVID: Issues, challenges, and new telehealth approaches. Psychiatry International 3: 169–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EMCDDA (2022). European Drug Report 2022: Trends and Developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.Google Scholar
Friedman, J, Godvin, M, Shover, CL, et al. (2022). Trends in drug overdose deaths among US adolescents, January 2010 to June 2021. JAMA 327(14): 1398–1400.Google Scholar
Galeotti, M (2016). Narcotics and nationalism: Russian drug policies and futures. In Improving Global Drug Policy: Comparative Perspectives and UNGASS 2016. New York: New York University Center for Global Affairs.Google Scholar
Ghose, R, Forati, AM, Mantsch, JR (2022). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on opioid overdose deaths: A spatiotemporal analysis. Journal of Urban Health 99: 316–327.Google Scholar
Goodman-Meza, D, Medina-Mora, ME, Magis-Rodriguez, C, et al. (2019). Where is the opioid use epidemic in Mexico? A cautionary tale for policymakers south of the US–Mexico border. American Journal of Public Health 109(1): 73–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harm Reduction International (2022). The global state of harm reduction. https://hri.global/flagship-research/the-global-state-of-harm-reduction/the-global-state-of-harm-reduction-2022/Google Scholar
International Drug Policy Consortium (2022). Middle East/North Africa. https://idpc.net/regions/middle-east-north-africaGoogle Scholar
Kaganskikh, A (2022). “If only we had the political will.” Why Russia’s rise in drug overdose deaths is unlikely to end soon. Meduza 21 July. https://meduza.io/en/feature/2022/07/21/if-only-we-had-the-political-willGoogle Scholar
Kiang, M, Basu, S, Chen, J, Alexander, MJ (2019). Assessment of changes in the geographical distribution of opioid-related mortality across the United States by opioid type, 1999–2016. JAMA Network Open 2(2): e190040.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krausz, RM, Westenberg, JN, Ziafat, K (2021). The opioid overdose crisis as a global health challenge. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 34: 405–412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lim, TY, Stringfellow, EJ, Stafford, CA, et al. (2022). Modeling the evolution of the US opioid crisis for national policy development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 119(23): e2115714119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MENAHRA (2021). Assessment of Situation and Response of Drug Use and Its Harms in the Middle East and North Africa. Sin El Fil, Lebanon: Middle East and North Africa Harm Reduction Association.Google Scholar
Miech, RA, Johnston, LD, O’Malley, PM, et al. (2023). Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975–2022, Volume I. Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Pacurucu-Castillo, SF, Ordonez-Mancheno, JM, Hernandez-Cruz, A, Alarcon, RD (2019). World opioid and substance use epidemic: A Latin American perspective. Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice 1(1): 32–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pan, Z, Zhang, J, Cheng, H, et al. (2020). Trends of the incidence of drug use disorders from 1990 to 2017: An analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease 2017 data. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 29: e148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peacock, A, Leung, J, Larney, S, et al. (2018). Global statistics on alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use: 2017 status report. Addiction 113: 1905–1926.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pierce, M, van Amsterdam, J, Kalkman, GA, Schellekens, A, van den Brink, W (2021). Is Europe facing an opioid crisis like the United States? An analysis of opioid use and related adverse effects in 19 European countries between 2010 and 2018. European Psychiatry 64(1): e47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reid, G, Sharma, M, Higgs, P (2014). The long-winding road of opioid substitution therapy implemented in South-East Asia: Challenges to scale up. Journal of Public Health Research 3(1): 204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sumetsky, N, Mair, C, Wheeler-Martin, K, et al. (2021). Predicting the future course of opioid overdose mortality: An example from two US states. Epidemiology 32(1): 61–69.Google Scholar
Taylor, J, Pardo, B, Hulme, S, et al. (2021). Illicit synthetic opioid consumption in Asia and the Pacific: Assessing the risks of a potential outbreak. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 220: 108500.Google Scholar
United Hospital Fund (2019). The ripple effect: National and state estimates of the US opioid epidemic’s impact on children. https://uhfnyc.org/media/filer_public/6e/80/6e80760f-d579-46a3-998d-1aa816ab06f6/uhf_ripple_effect_national_and_state_estimates_chartbook.pdfGoogle Scholar
United Nations (2022). Afghanistan: Opium cultivation up nearly a third, warns UNODC. United Nations News, November 2022. https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/11/1130057Google Scholar
UNODC (2008). Illicit Drug Trends in Central Asia. Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan: UNODC ROCA.Google Scholar
UNODC (2012). Methadone Maintenance Treatment: Intervention Toolkit. Bangkok: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Regional Office for South Asia.Google Scholar
UNODC (2015). Afghan Opiate Trafficking through the Southern Route. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Google Scholar
UNODC (2019). Global Smart Update: Understanding the Global Opioid Crisis. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Google Scholar
UNODC (2020). COVID-19 and the Drug Supply Chain: From Production and Trafficking to Use. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Google Scholar
UNODC (2021a). Opium production drops again in Myanmar as the synthetic drug market expands. www.unodc.org/roseap/2021/02/myanmar-opium-survey-report-launch/story.htmlGoogle Scholar
UNODC (2021b). Synthetic Drugs and New Psychoactive Substances in Latin America and the Caribbean 2021. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.Google Scholar
UNODC (2022). World Drug Report 2022. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. www.unodc.org/unodc/data-and-analysis/world-drug-report-2022.htmlGoogle Scholar
Wegman, MP, Altice, FL, Kaur, S, et al. (2017). Relapse to opioid use in opioid-dependent individuals released from compulsory drug detention centres compared with those from voluntary methadone treatment centres in Malaysia: A two-arm, prospective observational study. Lancet Global Health 5: e198–e207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×