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3 - WWS Solutions for Electricity Storage

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2023

Mark Z. Jacobson
Mark Z. Jacobson
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
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Summary

Hydropower, geothermal, and tidal electricity generators can serve as baseload (constant-output) generators because their output can be held steady for long periods. However, wind, solar PV, and wave outputs vary during a day and seasonally. As such, these electricity sources provide variable output. Given that solar and wind may end up supplying 90 percent or more of all WWS energy generation worldwide, on average, it is important to have electricity storage technologies available to provide backup power when both solar and wind are unavailable. Major electricity storage options include existing hydroelectric dams, pumped hydroelectric storage, batteries, concentrated solar power coupled with thermal energy storage, flywheels, compressed air energy storage, and gravitational storage with solid masses. These technologies are discussed herein.

Keywords

Hydropower storagepumped hydropower storagebatteriesflywheelscompressed air storagegravitational storage
Type
Chapter
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No Miracles Needed
How Today's Technology Can Save Our Climate and Clean Our Air
 , pp. 35 - 46
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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