Book contents
- Frontmatter
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The papacy, 1024–1122
- 3 The western empire under the Salians
- 4 Italy in the eleventh century
- 5 The kingdom of the Franks to 1108
- 6 Spain in the eleventh century
- 7 England and Normandy 1042–1137
- 8 The Byzantine Empire, 1025–1118
- 9 Kievan Rus’, the Bulgars and the southern Slavs, c. 1020 – c. 1200
- 10 Poland in the eleventh and twelfth centuries
- 11 Scandinavia in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
- 12 Hungary in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
- 13 The papacy, 1122–1198
- 14 The western empire, 1125–1197
- 15 Italy in the twelfth century
- 16 Spain in the twelfth century
- 17 The kingdom of the Franks from Louis VI to Philip II
- 18 England and the Angevin dominions, 1137–1204
- 19 Scotland, Wales and Ireland in the Twelfth Century
- 20 The Byzantine Empire, 1118–1204
- 21 The Latin East, 1098–1205
- 22 ’Abbasids, Fatimids and Seljuqs
- 23 Zengids, Ayyubids and Seljuqs
- Appendix: genealogical tables
- List of primary sources
- Bibliography of Secondary Works Arranged by Chapter
- Index
- Map 1a The western empire: Burgundy and Provence in the eleventh century"
- Map 1b The western empire: Germany and the north-eastern frontier of Christendom in the eleventh century"
- Map 3 The kingdom of the Franks"
- Map 4 England and Normandy"
- Map 10 Germany under Frederick Barbarossa, c. 1190">
- Map 12 The Angevin empire"
- References
3 - The western empire under the Salians
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2008
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The papacy, 1024–1122
- 3 The western empire under the Salians
- 4 Italy in the eleventh century
- 5 The kingdom of the Franks to 1108
- 6 Spain in the eleventh century
- 7 England and Normandy 1042–1137
- 8 The Byzantine Empire, 1025–1118
- 9 Kievan Rus’, the Bulgars and the southern Slavs, c. 1020 – c. 1200
- 10 Poland in the eleventh and twelfth centuries
- 11 Scandinavia in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
- 12 Hungary in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries
- 13 The papacy, 1122–1198
- 14 The western empire, 1125–1197
- 15 Italy in the twelfth century
- 16 Spain in the twelfth century
- 17 The kingdom of the Franks from Louis VI to Philip II
- 18 England and the Angevin dominions, 1137–1204
- 19 Scotland, Wales and Ireland in the Twelfth Century
- 20 The Byzantine Empire, 1118–1204
- 21 The Latin East, 1098–1205
- 22 ’Abbasids, Fatimids and Seljuqs
- 23 Zengids, Ayyubids and Seljuqs
- Appendix: genealogical tables
- List of primary sources
- Bibliography of Secondary Works Arranged by Chapter
- Index
- Map 1a The western empire: Burgundy and Provence in the eleventh century"
- Map 1b The western empire: Germany and the north-eastern frontier of Christendom in the eleventh century"
- Map 3 The kingdom of the Franks"
- Map 4 England and Normandy"
- Map 10 Germany under Frederick Barbarossa, c. 1190">
- Map 12 The Angevin empire"
- References
Summary
THE BEGINNING OF THE SALIAN CENTURY
Just as his predecessor Otto III in 1002, Henry II died without issue in 1024. Although this may look like a repetition of events, there were marked differences: Otto III had not been married, and being still very young, marriage with the prospect of an heir must have seemed probable. He died, however, of malaria in Italy at the age of twenty-one. Henry II, on the other hand, had been married for almost thirty years when he died at the age of about fifty. The probability that his death would leave the realm without an obvious successor must have presented itself to the magnates for quite some time. Yet the detailed account of the election procedure written by the royal chaplain Wipo some twenty years after the event gives the impression that it was only after Henry’s death on 13 July 1024 that the magnates, who had been summoned to Kamba on the Rhine for the election of a new king by Archbishop Aribo of Mainz, began to give the question any thought: according to Wipo, first several candidates were named, then their number gradually reduced to two men both by the name of Conrad – one called ‘the Younger’, the other ‘the Elder’ the sons of two brothers; finally ‘Conrad the Elder’ was elected king. Like the other lay nobles of his time he was an ‘idiota’, illiterate. This was anything but a compliment from the Italian monk who called him that. But as it did not prevent the German electors from regarding him as the most suitable candidate, it shows that literacy was held in rather less esteem in the German lands than south of the Alps.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The New Cambridge Medieval History , pp. 38 - 71Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2004
References
(1987), ‘Der friedens-, bundnis- und gemeinschaftstiftende Charakter des Mahles im früheren Mittelalter’, in , and (eds.), Essen und Trinken in Mittelalter und Neuzeit, SigmaringenGoogle Scholar
(1993), ‘Demonstration und Inszenierung: Spielregeln der Kommunikation in mittelalterlicher Öffentlichkeit’, Frühmittelalterliche Studien 27Google Scholar
(1984), Kaiserherrschaft und Königstaufe. Kaiser, Könige und Päpste als geistliche Patrone in der abendländische Missionsgeschichte, Berlin and New York
(1991), Das Verbot der Laieninvestitur im Investiturstreit, Hanover
(1988), The Investiture Controversy: Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century, Philadelphia
(1987), European Jewry and the First Crusade, Berkeley
(1972), Geschichte des Erzbistums Magdeburg, pt 1, Cologne and Vienna
(1977), Adelsopposition und kirchliche Reformbewegung im östlichen Sachsen: Entstehung und Wirkung des sächsischen Widerstandes gegen das salische Königtum während des Investiturstreits, Göttingen
(1973), ‘Der Regalienbegriff im 11. und 12. Jahrhundert’, Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 29Google Scholar
(1991), Die Formierung Europas 840–1046, Munich
(1994), Der Weg in die Geschichte bis 1024 (Propyläen Geschichte Deutschlands 1), Berlin
(1986), Germany in the High Middle Ages c. 1050–1200, trans. , Cambridge
(1973, 1980), ‘The reception of Gregory VII into canon law’, Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte Kanonistische Abteilung 59; 66Google Scholar
(1993), Der Investiturestreit (Enzyklopädia deutsche Geschichte 21), Munich
(1988), Medieval Germany, 1056–1273, trans. and , Oxford
(1984), Ravenna unter Erzbischof Wibert, Sigmaringen
(1986), ‘König und Reichsfürsten in der späten Salier- und frühen Stauferzeit’, Blätter für Deutsche Landsgeschichte 122Google Scholar
(1993), Mönchskönig und rex idiota. Studien zur Kirchenpolitik Heinrichs II. und Konrads II., Hanover
(1990), The Konradiner: A Study in Genealogical Methodology, Frankfurt
(1988), Kirchenreform und Hochmittelalter 1046–1215 (Oldenbourg Grundriβ der Geschichte 7), Munich
(1986), Das Papstwahldekret von 1059, Sigmaringen
(1983), ‘Schwäbische Herzöge als Thronbewerber’, Z̈eitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins 131Google Scholar
(1986), Zwischen regionaler Begrenzung und universalem Horizont (1024–1250) (Propyläen Geschichte Deutschlands 2), Berlin
(1992), Begging Pardon and Favour: Ritual and Political Order in Early Medieval France, Ithaca and London
(1983), ‘The crisis of medieval Germany’, PBA 69; repr. in K. Leyser, Communications and Power in Medieval Europe: The Gregorian Revolution and Beyond, ed. , London, 1994Google Scholar
(1993), ‘Am Vorabend der ersten europäischen Revolution: das 11 Jahrhundert als Umbruchszeit’, Historische Zeitschrift 257: 1–28; repr. as ‘On the eve of the first European revolution’, in , Communications and Power in Medieval Europe: The Gregorian Revolution and Beyond, ed. , London, 1994Google Scholar
(1986), Godparents and Kinship in Early Medieval Europe, Princeton
(1981), ‘Christen und Juden zur Zeit des ersten Kreuzzuges’, in et al. (eds.), Die Juden als Minderheit in der Geschichte, MunichGoogle Scholar
(1978), Von Clermont zum Wormser Konkordat, Cologne and Vienna
(1982) ‘The “imperial church system” of the Ottonian and Salian rulers: a reconsideration’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History 33Google Scholar
(1992), ‘Unruhestiftung, Fehde, Rebellion, Widerstand’, in Weinfurter (1991–1992), IIIGoogle Scholar
(1986), The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading, London
(1983), Histoire d’une idéologie: la croisade, Lausanne
(1972), ‘Spirituales Latrones: zu den Hintergründen der Simonieprozesse in Deutschland zwischen 1069 und 1075’, Historisches Jahrbuch 92Google Scholar
(1981), Die Entstehung des päpstlichen Investiturverbots für den deutschen König, Stuttgart
(1986), ‘Rechtstexte des Reformpapstums und ihre zeitgenössische Resonanz’, in and (eds.), Überlieferung und Geltung normativer Texte des frühen und hohen Mittelalters, SigmaringenGoogle Scholar
(1972), ‘Spirituales latrones: zu den Hintergründen der Simonieprozesse in Deutschland zwischen 1069 und 1075’, Historisches Jahrbuch 92Google Scholar
(1981), Die Entstehung des päpstlichen Investiturverbots für den deutschen König (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, ed. et al., Hanover, Weimar, Stuttgart and Cologne (1826–) Schriften, xxviii), Stuttgart
(1973), ‘Die Wahl Rudolfs von Schwaben zum Gegenkönig 1077 in Forchheim’, in. (ed.), Investiturstreit und Reichsverfassung, Sigmaringen, pp. 61–86; repr. in W. Schlesinger, Ausgewählte Aufsäatze, Sigmaringen, 1987Google Scholar
(1983), ‘Heinrich III. und Gregor VII. im Gebetsgedächtnis von Piacenza des Jahres 1046’, in , Gebetsgedenken und adliges Selbstverständnis im Mittelalter, SigmaringenGoogle Scholar
(1990), Le Raison des gestes dans l’Occident médiéval, Paris
(1990), Saint Anselm: A Portrait in a Landscape, Cambridge
(1988), ‘Der Charakter Kaiser Heinrichs IV. Zugleich ein Versuch über die Erkennbarkeit menschlicher Individualität im hohen Mittelalter’, in et al. (eds.), Person und Gemeinschaft, SigmaringenGoogle Scholar
(1993), The Church in Western Europe from the Xth to the Early XIth Century (Cambridge Medieval Textbooks), Cambridge
(1983), Gregor VII. und Heinrich IV. nach Canossa: Zeugnisse ihres Selbstverständnisses, Berlin and New York
(1992), ‘Konfliktwahrnehmung und Konfliktdarstellung in erzählenden Quellen des 11. Jahrhunderts’, in Weinfurter (1991–1992), IIIGoogle Scholar
(1993), ‘L’accusa di simonia tra le fazioni contraposte nella lotta per le investiture’, in and (eds.), Il secolo XI: una svolta?, BolognaGoogle Scholar
(1991), Herrschaft und Reich der Salier, Sigmaringen
(ed.)(1991–1992) Die Salier und das Reich, 3 vols., Sigmaringen
(1996), ‘Who could read and write in the middle ages’, in and (eds.), England and Germany in the High Middle Ages, OxfordGoogle Scholar
(1975), Der Canossagang von 1077: Wirkungen und Wirklichkeit, Mainz
- 4
- Cited by