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Chapter 43 - Neuroimaging of sleepwalking

from Section 5 - Neuroimaging of sleep disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

By
Michael J. Thorpy
Edited by
Eric Nofzinger ,
Pierre Maquet  and
Michael J. Thorpy
Eric Nofzinger
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Pierre Maquet
Affiliation:
Université de Liège, Belgium
Michael J. Thorpy
Affiliation:
Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Montefiore Medical Center, New York
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Summary

This chapter focuses on the neuroimaging of sleepwalking using a case of a man aged 16 years reported with one or two episodes of sleepwalking per night, usually within 2 hours of sleep onset as an example. During video-polysomnography an injection of 99mTc-ECD was given 24 seconds after the onset of sleepwalking. Single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) recordings were introduced into a computerized brain-atlas for analysis. An increase of over 25% in regional cerebral blood flow during sleepwalking was related to the reference stage of slow-wave sleep, and was confined to the posterior cingulate cortex and to the anterior cerebellum. The cingulate cortex modulates emotional behaviors and stimulation elicits motor, autonomic, and emotional responses similar to those seen in sleepwalking and sleep terrors. The activation of the posterior cingulate cortex in this patient may be related to the mental confusion and only transient motor activation of the sleepwalking episode.

Keywords

rapid eye movement sleepsingle-photon emission computed tomography imagingspectral electroencephalographic analysisneuroimagingcataplexyMRI
Type
Chapter
Information
Neuroimaging of Sleep and Sleep Disorders , pp. 347 - 348
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

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