Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 July 2019
Acute respiratory dysfunction is one of the most frequent medical complications of critically ill patients, including those suffering from neurological diseases. It contributes the highest percentage of mortality from non-neurologic causes in neurocritically ill patients [1–3]. This chapter will focus on the mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, stratification of severity, and management of hypoxemia with attention to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the context of the neurocritically ill. Special consideration will be provided as well to other commonly encountered diseases in the intensive care unit (ICU) such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and venous thromboembolism.
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