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Chapter 17 - Trust and Personality Disorders

Phenomenology, Determinants, and Therapeutical Approaches

from Part V - Neuropathological Level of Trust

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2021

By
Stefanie Lis ,
Miriam Biermann  and
Zsolt Unoka
Edited by
Frank Krueger
Frank Krueger
Affiliation:
George Mason University, Virginia
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Summary

Psychopathological descriptions, diagnostic criteria, and experimental studies suggest issues with trust across the range of different personality disorders. While the majority of findings refers to Borderline Personality Disorder, the studies investigating trust issues in other personality disorders suggest differential patterns of trust impairments, but also common determinants. For example, traumatization during childhood and adolescence seems to be important for alterations in trust across the spectrum of personality disorders. In this chapter, we describe the definition and classification of different personality disorders, report findings elucidating the specific importance of issues with trust in this group of mental disorders and present therapeutic approaches aiming to restore trust. Most of the empirical studies focus on self-reports and behavioral indices of trust. In contrast neurobiological studies investigating the neuronal correlates of trust impairments are extremely sparse. One exception are studies on the effects of the prosocial neuropeptide oxytocin which emphasize that the mechanism underlying alterations of trust in personality disorders are complex. At the end of the chapter, we discuss implications for future research on trust that may contribute to our understanding of impairments in trust in personality disorders and thereby help to improve the treatment options for this domain of interpersonal dysfunction.

Keywords

trust beliefsfacial trustworthiness appraisaltrust gameemotion recognitionepistemic trustearly maladaptive schemasmentalization based therapy, oxytocin, personality disorders
Type
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The Neurobiology of Trust , pp. 430 - 463
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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