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13 - Neural hybrid model of semantic object memory (version 1.1)

from Part VI - Conceptual Models of Semantics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 September 2009

By
John Hart Jr.  and
Michael A Kraut
Edited by
John Hart  and
Michael A. Kraut
John Hart Jr.
Affiliation:
University of Texas at Dallas
Michael A Kraut
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
John Hart
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Dallas
Michael A. Kraut
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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Summary

Delineating the neural bases of semantic memory, even for single entities (objects, features of objects, categories, actions, etc.) has been fraught with numerous difficulties, including variable definitions of semantic terms and several different models of the functional organization of semantic memory (see previous chapters). The development of new investigative techniques has been a major asset in detecting regions associated with semantic memory, but has not led to a consensus on semantic organization, since the results from these studies have frequently been discordant. For example, the results of activation studies (positron emission tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging event-related potential – PET, fMRI, ERP, etc.), which demonstrate regions likely “involved” in performing a task, have yet to be fully integrated with the results of lesion-based studies that show regions “essential” for performing a task.

Historically, attempts at delineating the anatomic substrates of semantic memory have been guided by one of two general models or classes of models: parallel distributed representation (McClelland & Rumelhart, 1985 and Hinton, 1981) and center processing (Geschwind, 1965). It is clear, however, that neither of these models in their pure form explains adequately the growing body of data from anatomic and functional studies. In other words, the brain comprises neither a homogeneous network of equivalent neuronal elements that encode every aspect of a memory, nor circumscribed processing centers that encode all memory elements.

Keywords

brainneural hybrid modelneurophysiological levelobject memory organizationvisual memory systemsemantic memory
Type
Chapter
Information
Neural Basis of Semantic Memory , pp. 331 - 360
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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