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40 - Nutritional assessment of the neonate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 December 2009

Patti J. Thureen
By
Robert Erick Ridout  and
Michael K. Georgieff
Edited by
William W. Hay
Patti J. Thureen
Affiliation:
University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
Robert Erick Ridout
Affiliation:
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, The Children's Hospital, Denver, CO
Michael K. Georgieff
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN
William W. Hay
Affiliation:
University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
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Summary

Nutritional management decisions, as with most interventions in medicine, are meant to maximize benefit (growth and development) and minimize harm (toxicity). In order to achieve this goal, clinicians require tools that will allow careful monitoring of their patients' short- and longer-term responses to their nutritional management plan. Past and current research efforts have advanced the science of neonatal nutrition and helped guide present day nutrition strategies. This chapter will provide the clinician a review of those nutritional assessment tools that are currently readily available and also discuss future techniques. Given that the smallest preterm infants (those with birthweights < 1250 g) pose the greatest challenge to clinicians from nutritional management and assessment standpoints, the bulk of this chapter will address their specific needs. While this chapter will be divided into medical record review (maternal and neonatal), nutritional intake, laboratory measurements, and anthropometrics, in practice one should consider these concepts concomitantly when assessing the infant.

Medical record review

The foundation of a sound nutritional assessment plan starts with a comprehensive review of the patient's medical history. In the case of a neonate, the mother's medical history must also be considered. Figure 40.1 depicts the various maternal, nutritional, environmental, endocrinological, and fetal factors one must consider when reviewing the medical and nutritional history. Additional neonatal factors, not included in Figure 40.1, must also be taken into account.

Type
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Information
Neonatal Nutrition and Metabolism , pp. 586 - 601
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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  • Nutritional assessment of the neonate
    • By Robert Erick Ridout, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, The Children's Hospital, Denver, CO, Michael K. Georgieff, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN
  • Patti J. Thureen, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
  • Edited by William W. Hay, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
  • Book: Neonatal Nutrition and Metabolism
  • Online publication: 10 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544712.041
Available formats
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  • Nutritional assessment of the neonate
    • By Robert Erick Ridout, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, The Children's Hospital, Denver, CO, Michael K. Georgieff, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN
  • Patti J. Thureen, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
  • Edited by William W. Hay, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
  • Book: Neonatal Nutrition and Metabolism
  • Online publication: 10 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544712.041
Available formats
×

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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Nutritional assessment of the neonate
    • By Robert Erick Ridout, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, The Children's Hospital, Denver, CO, Michael K. Georgieff, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN
  • Patti J. Thureen, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
  • Edited by William W. Hay, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center
  • Book: Neonatal Nutrition and Metabolism
  • Online publication: 10 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511544712.041
Available formats
×