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Chapter 21 - Latvia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2023

By
Otars Opermanis ,
Ilona Mendzina ,
Ainars Aunins  and
Inga Racinska
Edited by
Graham Tucker
Graham Tucker
Affiliation:
Nature Conservation Consulting
Get access

Summary

The chapter describes the main nature conservation challenges in Latvia, its main policy responses and actions, and their achievements and lessons, primarily over the last 40 years. This covers the country’s natural characteristics, habitats and species of particular importance; the status of nature and main pressures affecting it; nature conservation policies (including biodiversity strategies), legislation, governance and key actors; species measures; protected areas and networks; general conservation measures (e.g. development planning and impact assessment, and management and restoration of coastal habitats, rivers, grasslands, mires and forests); nature conservation costs, economic benefits and funding sources; and biodiversity monitoring. Likely future developments are also identified. Conclusions are drawn on what measures have been most effective and why, and what is needed to improve the implementation of existing measures and achieve future nature conservation goals.

Keywords

Latviabiodiversitynature conservationenvironmental policyenvironmental legislationEuropeEuropean UnionBirds DirectiveHabitats Directiveprotected areas
Type
Chapter
Information
Nature Conservation in Europe
Approaches and Lessons
 , pp. 434 - 450
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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