Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- Participants
- Non-Participant Contributors
- Part 1 Transmissible diseases with long development times and vaccination strategies
- Part 2 Dynamics of immunity (development of disease within individuals)
- Part 3 Population heterogeneity (mixing)
- Modeling heterogeneous mixing in infectious disease dynamics
- Behavior change and non-homogeneous mixing
- Sources and use of empirical observations to characterise networks of sexual behaviour
- Invited Discussion
- Invited Discussion
- Per-contact probabilities of heterosexual transmission of HIV, estimated from partner study data
- Heterosexual spread of HIV with biased sexual partner selection
- Dynamic simulation of sexual partner networks: which network properties are important in sexually transmitted disease (STD) epidemiology?
- The spread of an STD on a dynamic network of sexual contacts
- Network measures for epidemiology
- Spatial heterogeneity and the spread of infectious diseases
- Data analysis for estimating risk factor effects using transmission models
- Homosexual role behaviour and the spread of HIV
- Homogeneity tests for groupings of AIDS patient classifications
- Risk factors for heterosexual transmission of HIV
- The effect of behavioural change on the prediction of R0 in the transmission of AIDS
- The saturating contact rate in epidemic models
- A Liapunov function approach to computing R0
- Stochastic models for the eradication of poliomyelitis: minimum population size for polio virus persistence
- Part 4 Consequences of treatment interventions
- Part 5 Prediction
Risk factors for heterosexual transmission of HIV
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 August 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Introduction
- Participants
- Non-Participant Contributors
- Part 1 Transmissible diseases with long development times and vaccination strategies
- Part 2 Dynamics of immunity (development of disease within individuals)
- Part 3 Population heterogeneity (mixing)
- Modeling heterogeneous mixing in infectious disease dynamics
- Behavior change and non-homogeneous mixing
- Sources and use of empirical observations to characterise networks of sexual behaviour
- Invited Discussion
- Invited Discussion
- Per-contact probabilities of heterosexual transmission of HIV, estimated from partner study data
- Heterosexual spread of HIV with biased sexual partner selection
- Dynamic simulation of sexual partner networks: which network properties are important in sexually transmitted disease (STD) epidemiology?
- The spread of an STD on a dynamic network of sexual contacts
- Network measures for epidemiology
- Spatial heterogeneity and the spread of infectious diseases
- Data analysis for estimating risk factor effects using transmission models
- Homosexual role behaviour and the spread of HIV
- Homogeneity tests for groupings of AIDS patient classifications
- Risk factors for heterosexual transmission of HIV
- The effect of behavioural change on the prediction of R0 in the transmission of AIDS
- The saturating contact rate in epidemic models
- A Liapunov function approach to computing R0
- Stochastic models for the eradication of poliomyelitis: minimum population size for polio virus persistence
- Part 4 Consequences of treatment interventions
- Part 5 Prediction
Summary
Partner studies of heterosexual transmission of HIV have observed tranmissions after relatively few sexual contacts and couples who have remained discordant, with respect to HIV, whilst considered to be at high risk over prolonged periods, suggesting huge variation between individuals in whether a contact seroconverts. This paper is based on a longitudinal partner study which aims to identify behavioural and biological factors which influence heterosexual transmission of HIV. The index case (the first infected) is defined as a patient who is HIV positive whilst the contact partner is a person of the opposite sex who has had a sexual relationship with the index case. In Edinburgh, from October 1987 to the beginning of June 1992, one-hundred and twenty couples have been recruited where the contact's risk of infection is only through heterosexual intercourse with his/her index case. At recruitment, 24 couples (20%) were concordant with respect to HIV and since recruitment one contact has seroconverted. At the initial interview the contact is asked about her/his past sexual practices and contraceptive use and counselled about safer sex. Follow-up interviews of negative contacts take place to reassess these behavioural data and their HIV status. Biological data on the index is also available as the majority of cases are in clinical care.
Three factors which might influence heterosexual transmission of HIV are to be assessed:
behavioural aspects of the couple,
infectivity of the index,
susceptibility of contact.
Behavioural data are required to confirm that the virus has an ‘opportunity’ to transmit. Virological and immunological factors form the basis for assessing the infectivity of the index and susceptibility of the contact.
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- Information
- Models for Infectious Human DiseasesTheir Structure and Relation to Data, pp. 301 - 303Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 1996