Major Incidents, Pandemics and Mental Health The Psychosocial Aspects of Health Emergencies, Incidents, Disasters and Disease Outbreaks
Book contents
- Major Incidents, Pandemics and Mental Health
- Major Incidents, Pandemics and Mental Health
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Boxes
- Contributors
- Foreword by Dr Adrian James
- Foreword by Professor David Lockey
- Section 1 The Nature and Impacts of Twenty-First-Century Healthcare Emergencies
- Section 2 Clinical Aspects of Traumatic Injuries, Epidemics, and Pandemics
- Section 3 The Role of the Public in Emergencies: Survivors, Bystanders, and Volunteers
- Section 4 Responses to Meet the Mental Health Needs of People Affected by Emergencies, Major Incidents, and Pandemics
- Chapter 27 Principles for Intervening with the Wellbeing, Psychosocial, and Mental Health Needs of Mass Casualties
- Chapter 28 Facilitating Psychosocial Care for the Public After Major Incidents and During Pandemics
- Chapter 29 Mental Healthcare Required by People Who Are Affected by Major Incidents and Pandemics: Lessons from Research
- Chapter 30 Responding to the Needs of Children, Young People, and Their Families During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Chapter 31 Social and Educational Impacts of Epidemics and Pandemics
- Chapter 32 Quarantine, Lockdown, and Isolation in the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Chapter 33 Reflections on Managing Infectious Diseases in Mental Health Units
- Chapter 34 Case Study 1: The Omagh Bomb, the Mental Health Response, and the Lessons Learned
- Chapter 35 Case Study 2: A Public Health Survey of People Exposed to the Paris Terror Attacks in November 2015 and Their Consequences
- Chapter 36 Case Study 3: Practical Approaches to Delivering Psychosocial and Mental Healthcare for the Public in the UK: Lessons Learned from a Major Incident in Manchester
- Section 5 Sustaining and Caring for Staff During Emergencies
- Section 6 Designing, Leading, and Managing Responses to Emergencies and Pandemics
- Section 7 Key Lessons for the Way Forward
- A Glossary of Selected Key Terms Used in This Book
- Index
- References
Chapter 34 - Case Study 1: The Omagh Bomb, the Mental Health Response, and the Lessons Learned
from Section 4 - Responses to Meet the Mental Health Needs of People Affected by Emergencies, Major Incidents, and Pandemics
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 January 2024
Book contents
- Major Incidents, Pandemics and Mental Health
- Major Incidents, Pandemics and Mental Health
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Boxes
- Contributors
- Foreword by Dr Adrian James
- Foreword by Professor David Lockey
- Section 1 The Nature and Impacts of Twenty-First-Century Healthcare Emergencies
- Section 2 Clinical Aspects of Traumatic Injuries, Epidemics, and Pandemics
- Section 3 The Role of the Public in Emergencies: Survivors, Bystanders, and Volunteers
- Section 4 Responses to Meet the Mental Health Needs of People Affected by Emergencies, Major Incidents, and Pandemics
- Chapter 27 Principles for Intervening with the Wellbeing, Psychosocial, and Mental Health Needs of Mass Casualties
- Chapter 28 Facilitating Psychosocial Care for the Public After Major Incidents and During Pandemics
- Chapter 29 Mental Healthcare Required by People Who Are Affected by Major Incidents and Pandemics: Lessons from Research
- Chapter 30 Responding to the Needs of Children, Young People, and Their Families During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Chapter 31 Social and Educational Impacts of Epidemics and Pandemics
- Chapter 32 Quarantine, Lockdown, and Isolation in the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Chapter 33 Reflections on Managing Infectious Diseases in Mental Health Units
- Chapter 34 Case Study 1: The Omagh Bomb, the Mental Health Response, and the Lessons Learned
- Chapter 35 Case Study 2: A Public Health Survey of People Exposed to the Paris Terror Attacks in November 2015 and Their Consequences
- Chapter 36 Case Study 3: Practical Approaches to Delivering Psychosocial and Mental Healthcare for the Public in the UK: Lessons Learned from a Major Incident in Manchester
- Section 5 Sustaining and Caring for Staff During Emergencies
- Section 6 Designing, Leading, and Managing Responses to Emergencies and Pandemics
- Section 7 Key Lessons for the Way Forward
- A Glossary of Selected Key Terms Used in This Book
- Index
- References
Summary
In 1998, 7 weeks after the Good Friday Agreement was endorsed, a car bomb exploded in Omagh in County Tyrone, killing 29 adults and children and two unborn babies. The local health and social care trust mobilised resources to create a comprehensive mental health response to the care needs of the victims and survivors. This service was evidence based, outcomes focused, and research orientated, and contributed to the international evidence base through a series of research studies that helped to inform the further development of the Ehlers and Clark model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), trauma-focused CBT approaches to treatment, and the developing concept of complex grief. The response led directly to creating a regionalised psychological trauma managed care network for Northern Ireland in an innovative approach of co-production (the Regional Trauma Network) and informed the implementation of a recognition scheme for victims and survivors (the Troubles Permanent Disablement Payment Scheme).
Keywords
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Major Incidents, Pandemics and Mental HealthThe Psychosocial Aspects of Health Emergencies, Incidents, Disasters and Disease Outbreaks, pp. 252 - 256Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2024
References
McKittrick, D, Kelters, S, Feeney, B, Thornton, C, McVea, D. Lost Lives: The Stories of the Men, Women and Children Who Died as a Result of the Northern Ireland Troubles. Mainstream Publishing, 2012.Google Scholar
Bolton, D. Conflict, Peace and Mental Health: Addressing the Consequences of Conflict and Trauma in Northern Ireland. Manchester University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Ehlers, A, Clark, DM. A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behav Res Ther 2000; 38: 319–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duffy, M, Bolton, D, Gillespie, K, Ehlers, A, Clark, DM. A community study of the psychological effects of the Omagh car bomb on adults. PLoS One 2013; 8: e76618.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duffy, M, McDermott, M, Percy, A, Ehlers, A, Clark, DM, Fitzgerald, M, et al. The effects of the Omagh bomb on adolescent mental health: a school-based study. BMC Psychiatry 2015; 15: 18.Google Scholar
McDermott, M, Duffy, M, Percy, A, Fitzgerald, M, Cole, C. A school based study of psychological disturbance in children following the Omagh bomb. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2013; 7: 36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luce, A, Firth-Cozens, J, Midgley, S, Burges, C. After the Omagh bomb: posttraumatic stress disorder in health service staff. J Trauma Stress 2002; 15: 27–30.Google Scholar
Gillespie, K, Duffy, M, Hackmann, A, Clark, DM. Community based cognitive therapy in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder following the Omagh bomb. Behav Res Ther 2002; 40: 345–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duffy, M, Gillespie, K, Clark, DM. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the context of terrorism and other civil conflict in Northern Ireland: randomized controlled trial. BMJ 2007; 334: 147–50.Google Scholar
Prigerson, HG, Boelen, PA, Xu, J, Smith, KV, Maciejewski, PK. Validation of the new DSM-5-TR criteria for prolonged grief disorder and the PG-13-Revised (PG-13-R) scale. World Psychiatry 2021; 20: 96–106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Litterer, DA, Hoyt, WT. Effectiveness of grief therapy: a meta-analysis. J Couns Psychol 1999; 46: 370–80.Google Scholar
Duffy, M, Wild, J. A cognitive approach to persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD). Cogn Behav Ther 2017; 10: E16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffy, M, Wild, J. Living with loss: a cognitive approach to complicated and traumatic grief. Behav Cogn Psychother 2023. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465822000674.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, DM. Realising the mass public benefit of evidence-based psychological therapies: the IAPT program. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2018; 14: 159–83.Google Scholar
Mulholland, C, Duffy, M, McIlwaine, R, Coughlan, C. Implementation of Troubles Permanent Disablement Payment Scheme: Rapid Review. Victims’ Payments Board, 2021 (www.victimspaymentsboard.org.uk/sites/victimspayments/files/publications/TPDPS-Literature-Review-final-1.2.pdf).Google Scholar