Book contents
- Levels of Analysis in Psychopathology
- Advance Praise for Levels of Analysis in Psychopathology
- Levels of Analysis in Psychopathology
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Preface
- General Introduction
- Part I Neuroscience, Mechanisms, and RDoC
- Part II Phenomenology, Biological Psychology, and the Mind–Body Problem
- Part III Taxonomy, Integration, and Multiple Levels of Explanation
- Section 8
- Section 9
- Section 10
- Section 11
- Section 12
- Section 13
- 37 Introduction
- 38 The Impact of Faculty Psychology and Theories of Psychological Causation on the Origins of Modern Psychiatric Nosology
- 39 Commentary on “The Impact of Faculty Psychology and Theories of Psychological Causation on the Origins of Modern Psychiatric Nosology”
- Section 14
- Section 15
- Index
- References
38 - The Impact of Faculty Psychology and Theories of Psychological Causation on the Origins of Modern Psychiatric Nosology
from Section 13
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 April 2020
Book contents
- Levels of Analysis in Psychopathology
- Advance Praise for Levels of Analysis in Psychopathology
- Levels of Analysis in Psychopathology
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Preface
- General Introduction
- Part I Neuroscience, Mechanisms, and RDoC
- Part II Phenomenology, Biological Psychology, and the Mind–Body Problem
- Part III Taxonomy, Integration, and Multiple Levels of Explanation
- Section 8
- Section 9
- Section 10
- Section 11
- Section 12
- Section 13
- 37 Introduction
- 38 The Impact of Faculty Psychology and Theories of Psychological Causation on the Origins of Modern Psychiatric Nosology
- 39 Commentary on “The Impact of Faculty Psychology and Theories of Psychological Causation on the Origins of Modern Psychiatric Nosology”
- Section 14
- Section 15
- Index
- References
Summary
During the development of psychiatric nosology during the nineteenth century, faculty psychological systems, often proposed by philosophers, played a substantial role in the development of psychiatric diagnostic systems. The most important of those faculties proposed were cognition and emotion. Because patients often displayed dysfunction in multiple faculties, alienists had to understand how these faculties interrelated. To address this question, nineteenth-century psychiatric diagnosticians postulated causal relationships based on folk criteria of understandability (although longitudinal observations were also utilized). This history puts efforts to apply hard reductionist models to the resulting psychiatric diagnostic categories in a conundrum. The naïve inductivist view of the origins of our psychiatric diagnostic categories – that they arose from raw observations by great skilled clinicians of the past – is untenable. Rather, the road from clinical observations to diagnostic categories passed through both theories of mental functioning (aka faculties) and hypotheses of mental causation between different disordered faculties.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Levels of Analysis in PsychopathologyCross-Disciplinary Perspectives, pp. 462 - 478Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2020
References
Albrecht, F. M. (1970) ‘A reappraisal of faculty psychology.’ Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 6, 36–40.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. (1980) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. (2013) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.Google Scholar
Berrios, G. E. (1987) ‘Historical aspects of psychoses: 19th century issues.’ British Medical Bulletin, 43, 484–498.Google Scholar
Berrios, G. E. & Hauser, R. (1988) ‘The early development of Kraepelin’s ideas on classification: A conceptual history.’ Psychological Medicine, 18, 813–821.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooks, G. P. (1976) ‘The faculty psychology of Thomas Reid.’ Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 12, 65–77.3.0.CO;2-T>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cullen, W. (1808) A Methodical System of Nosology. Translated from Latin by Dr. Lewis, Eldad. Stockbridge, MA: Cornelius Sturtevant.Google Scholar
Eigen, J. P. (2016) Mad-Doctors in the Dock: Defending the Diagnosis, 1760–1913 (1st ed.). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Engstrom, E. J. (2003) Clinical Psychiatry in Imperial Germany: A History of Psychiatric Practice. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Goldstein, J. (1987) Console and Classify: The French Psychiatric Profession in the Nineteenth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gregory, R. L. (1987) The Oxford Companion to the Mind. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Griesinger, W. (1867) Mental Pathology and Therapeutics. London: The New Sydenham Society.Google Scholar
Grob, G. N. (2011) The Mad among Us: A History of the Care of America’s Mentally Ill (1st ed.). New York: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Hammond, W. A. (1883) A Treatise on Insanity in Its Medical Relations. New York: D. Appleton and Company.Google Scholar
Hilgard, E. R. (1980) ‘The trilogy of mind: Cognition, affection, and conation.’ Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 16, 107–117.Google Scholar
Insel, T., Cuthbert, B., Garvey, M., Heinssen, R., Pine, D. S., Quinn, K. et al. (2010) ‘Research domain criteria (RDoC): Toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders.’ American Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 748–751.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendler, K. S. (2016a) ‘Phenomenology of schizophrenia and the representativeness of modern diagnostic criteria.’ JAMA Psychiatry, 73, 1082–1092.Google Scholar
Kendler, K. S. (2016b) ‘The phenomenology of major depression and the representativeness and nature of DSM criteria.’ American Journal of Psychiatry, 173, 771–780.Google Scholar
Kendler, K. S. (2016c) ‘The phenomenology of schizophrenia and the representativeness of modern diagnostic criteria.’ JAMA Psychiatry, 73(10), 1082.Google Scholar
Kendler, K. S. (2017a) ‘The clinical features of mania and their representation in modern diagnostic criteria.’ Psychological Medicine, 47, 1013–1029.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendler, K. S. (2017b) ‘The clinical features of paranoia in the 20th century and their representation in diagnostic criteria from DSM-III through DSM-5.’ Schizophrenia Bulletin, 43, 332–343.Google Scholar
Kendler, K. S. (2018) ‘The development of Kraepelin’s mature diagnostic concepts of paranoia (Die Verrücktheit) and paranoid dementia Praecox (Dementia Paranoides): A close reading of his textbooks from 1887 to 1899.’ JAMA Psychiatry, 75(12), 1280–1288.Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1899) Psychiatrie: Ein Lehrbuch fur Studirende und Aerzte (6th ed., 2 vols.). Leipzig: Barth.Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1990) Psychiatry: A Textbook for Students and Physicians (Volume 2: Clinical Psychiatry), Quen, J. (ed.) (Translation of the 6th Edition of Psychiatrie, Translator Volume 2 – Sabine Ayed). Canton, MA: Science History Publications.Google Scholar
Müller-Freienfels, R. (1935) The Evolution of Modern Psychology (1st ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Noble, D. (1853) Elements of Psychological Medicine: An Introduction to the Practical Study of Insanity, Adapted for Students and Junior Practitioners. London: John Churchill.Google Scholar
Radden, J. (1996) ‘Lumps and bumps: Kantian faculty psychology, phrenology, and twentieth-century psychiatric classification.’ Philosophy, Psychiatry and Psychology, 3, 1–14.Google Scholar
Scholz, F. (1892) Lehrbuch der Irrenheilkunde: Für Aerzte und Studirende. Leipzig: Eduard Heinrich Mayer (Einhorn & Jäger).Google Scholar
Scull, A. (2005) Most Solitary of Afflictions: Madness and Society in Britain, 1700–1900. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Wyman, R. (1830) A Discourse on Mental Philosophy as Connected with Mental Disease: Delivered Before the Massachusetts Medical Society, June 2, 1830. Boston, MA: Daily Advertiser.Google Scholar
- 4
- Cited by