5 - Moral Emotions and Natural Law

Summary

This chapter examines the early emergence of civilian protection norms in medieval Europe and traces their development in the religious and secular strands of just war theory. It argues that the Peace of God played social movement in medieval Europe played a key role in the emergence of the principle of civilian immunity. Second, it shows that the theory set forth in Chapter 2 provides a useful account of how the principle of civilian immunity arose in medieval Europe and why it persisted from the medieval period through the Enlightenment. Throughout, it examines the arguments of key just war theorists and international lawyers, including Augustine, Aquinas, Vitoria, Suarez, Grotius, and Vattel.