Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 April 2025
This chapter examines a series of texts in which Marx (sometimes in collaboration with Engels) is working to free himself from what he comes to call ‘self-sufficient philosophy’. In The Holy Family the emphasis is negative, focusing on the criticism of ‘Critical Criticism’, in which thought replaces thinkers. The Theses on Feuerbach start to break apart the Feuerbachian abstract conception of Gattungswesen. In The German Ideology Marx and Engels start to bring real human individuals into the picture as the agents of history. The Poverty of Philosophy, directed against Proudhon, notably criticizes a deficient kind of ‘self-sufficient’ Hegelianism, in favour of the work of new proletarian theoreticians who can carry forward the work of history.
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