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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 March 2022
The twentieth century ushered in a dazzling array of modern medical technologies including many effective new treatments for disease and novel preventative therapies that have helped extend the average lifespan dramatically. From penicillin and polio vaccines to statins to immunotherapies and robotic surgery, we enjoy the benefits of science and medicine. While life expectancy at birth in the United States in 1900 was just over 47 years,1 we now live, on average for 78.7 years.
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