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1 - Biology of Cancer

from PART I - PRINCIPLES OF ONCOLOGY

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 May 2010

By
Sydney M. Evans ,
Robert Bristow ,
Robert Gatenby ,
Mary J. Hendrix ,
Richard Hill  and
William M.-F. Lee
Edited by
Jean-François H. Geschwind  and
Michael C. Soulen
Sydney M. Evans
Affiliation:
Professor of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Robert Bristow
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Robert Gatenby
Affiliation:
Professor of Radiology and Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Mary J. Hendrix
Affiliation:
Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
Richard Hill
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
William M.-F. Lee
Affiliation:
Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Jean-François H. Geschwind
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Michael C. Soulen
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
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Summary

“The science of today is the technology of tomorrow.”

Edward Teller

Interventional radiology (IR) techniques play an important role in cancer therapy by accessing and treating tumors via image-guided methods. These methods involve both local and regional therapies, with thermal ablative technology comprising the former and intra-arterial embolization with radioactive particles the latter. Combined with systemic chemotherapy, these techniques result in increased patient survival. A more recent approach for cancer therapy involves the use of drugs that specifically target molecular, biological or physiological processes. Examples of such targets include epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), protein kinases, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, hypoxia and angiogenesis. Drugs specific to each of these targets are currently available or are in development; some of these agents may be applicable to interventional delivery. The purpose of this chapter is to review important aspects of tumor biology that may be targeted via an interventional approach.

The clinical behavior of a tumor results from a complex set of interactions between neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells, blood vessels, blood and interstitial fluids using intercellular communication. These interactions define the tumor microenvironment, which continues to be extensively studied because there is evidence that it substantially influences tumor behavior and patient outcome (1, 2). This chapter begins with a review of the components and clinical/biological effects of hypoxia, pH, and glucose, discussed by Evans and Gatenby.

Type
Chapter
Information
Interventional Oncology
Principles and Practice
 , pp. 3 - 22
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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  • Biology of Cancer
    • By Sydney M. Evans, Professor of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, Robert Bristow, Associate Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Robert Gatenby, Professor of Radiology and Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, Mary J. Hendrix, Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, Richard Hill, Professor, Department of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, William M.-F. Lee, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Edited by Jean-François H. Geschwind, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Michael C. Soulen, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
  • Book: Interventional Oncology
  • Online publication: 18 May 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511722226.002
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  • Biology of Cancer
    • By Sydney M. Evans, Professor of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, Robert Bristow, Associate Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Robert Gatenby, Professor of Radiology and Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, Mary J. Hendrix, Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, Richard Hill, Professor, Department of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, William M.-F. Lee, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Edited by Jean-François H. Geschwind, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Michael C. Soulen, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
  • Book: Interventional Oncology
  • Online publication: 18 May 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511722226.002
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  • Biology of Cancer
    • By Sydney M. Evans, Professor of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, Robert Bristow, Associate Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Robert Gatenby, Professor of Radiology and Applied Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, Mary J. Hendrix, Professor, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, Richard Hill, Professor, Department of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, William M.-F. Lee, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
  • Edited by Jean-François H. Geschwind, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Michael C. Soulen, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
  • Book: Interventional Oncology
  • Online publication: 18 May 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511722226.002
Available formats
×