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1 - The Philosopher as Arts Master

Buridan’s Career at the University of Paris

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2024

Spencer Johnston
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Henrik Lagerlund
Affiliation:
Stockholms Universitet
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Summary

How was Buridan’s thought shaped by its institutional setting and by pedagogical practice in the faculty of arts at the University of Paris? This essay argues that local circumstances are crucial not only for interpreting Buridan’s arguments, but also for understanding his larger contribution to the history of philosophy. Thus, we find that even working within the constraints of the arts curriculum, Buridan was always able to segue from established modes of instruction and prescribed topics to discuss philosophical problems of interest to him; in this he was no different from other arts masters of the period, and indeed, from university lecturers even today. But he also used his independence to embody, in ways he himself may not have fully understood, a new way of being a philosopher. Whereas a century earlier, Thomas Aquinas saw himself as a theologian and regarded philosophy as an activity proper to pagans such as Plato and Aristotle, Buridan sought to define what he was doing in contradistinction to theology, and on grounds we would now recognize as secular.

Type
Chapter
Information
Interpreting Buridan
Critical Essays
, pp. 7 - 21
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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References

Edition

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Edition

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Edition

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Edition

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Edition

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Read, Stephen (trans.). 2015. John Buridan: Treatise on Consequences. With an introduction by Stephen Read and an editorial introduction by Hubert Hubien. New York: Fordham University Press.Google Scholar

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Economos, Ariane. 2009. “Intellectus and Induction: Three Aristotelian Commentators on the Cognition of First Principles, Including an Original Translation of John Buridan’s Quaestiones in duos Aristotelis libros posteriorum analyticorum.” PhD Dissertation, Fordham University. https://research.library.fordham.edu/dissertations/AAI3377044.Google Scholar

Edition

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Books III–IV

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Early Printed Edition

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Editions

Moody, E. A. (ed.). 1942. Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones super libris quattuor De caelo et mundo. Cambridge, MA: Medieval Academy of America.Google Scholar
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Edition

Streijger, Michiel, Bakker, Paul J. J. M., and Thijssen, Johannes M. M. H. (eds.). 2010. John Buridan, “Quaestiones super libros De generatione et corruptione Aristotelis.” Critical edition with an introduction. History of Science and Medicine Library 17. Medieval and Early Modern Science 14. Leiden and Boston: Brill.Google Scholar

Edition and Translation

Klima, Gyula, Sobol, Peter G., Hartman, Peter, and Zupko, Jack (eds. and trans.). 2023. John Buridan’s Questions on Aristotle’s De Anima – “Iohannis Buridani Quaestiones in Aristotelis De Anima.” Historical-Analytical Studies on Nature, Mind, and Action 9. Cham: Springer.Google Scholar

Edition

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Early Printed Edition

Buridan, John. 1513. Quaestiones super decem libros Ethicorum Aristotelis ad Nicomachum. Paris. Rpr. 1968 as Super decem libros Ethicorum. Frankfurt a. M.: Minerva.Google Scholar

Translation of Book x

Kilcullen, John (ed. and trans.). 2001. “Jean Buridan, Questions on Book X of the Ethics.” In The Cambridge Translations of Medieval Philosophical Texts. Volume II: Ethics and Political Philosophy, edited by McGrade, Arthur Stephen, Kilcullen, John, and Kempshall, Matthew. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 498586.Google Scholar

Edition

Tatarzynski, Ryszard (ed.). 1986. “Jan Buridan, Kommentarz do Isagogi Porfiriusza.” Przeglad Tomistyczny 2: 111–95.Google Scholar

Edition

Beneduce, Chiara, and Bakker, Paul J. J. M.. 2019. “John Buridan’s Quaestiones de secretis mulierum: Edition and Introduction.” Vivarium 57: 127–81.Google Scholar

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