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Chapter 4 - Rocky Intertidal Shores of the North-West Atlantic Ocean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2019

By
Steven R. Dudgeon  and
Peter S. Petraitis
Edited by
Stephen J. Hawkins ,
Katrin Bohn ,
Louise B. Firth  and
Gray A. Williams
Stephen J. Hawkins
Affiliation:
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth
Katrin Bohn
Affiliation:
Natural England
Louise B. Firth
Affiliation:
University of Plymouth
Gray A. Williams
Affiliation:
The University of Hong Kong
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Summary

North-west Atlantic rocky intertidal shores contain few species that are affected by sharp environmental gradients. As a result, these communities have been widely used as a model experimental system. Earlier studies focussed on how average differences in ecological processes can be driven by environmental differences. More recently, there is an emphasis on how variability in recruitment and ecological interactions can shape communities. In this chapter, we explore how these two distinctly different conceptual approaches – average effects versus variability in effects – have affected the course of ecological research. Our review touches on how phylogeographic history, large-scale variability in ecological processes and small-scale indirect interactions have contributed to the generation and maintenance of community patterns. We argue that human activities, including harvesting, introducing non-native species, eutrophication and climate change, are likely to increase the variability of ecological processes. We conclude that variability of ecological processes and human activities vary on a scale much larger or longer than a typical experiment. Future studies should explicitly incorporate scales that capture the role of variability on the resilience of coastal ecosystems.

Keywords

anthropogenic forcingclimate changeinvasive speciesindirect effectsnorth-west Atlanticrocky intertidalvariability
Type
Chapter
Information
Interactions in the Marine Benthos
Global Patterns and Processes
 , pp. 61 - 89
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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