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3.6.1 - Pulmonary Embolism

from Section 3.6 - Acute Respiratory Failure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2023

By
Benjamin Post
Edited by
Ned Gilbert-Kawai ,
Debashish Dutta  and
Carl Waldmann
Ned Gilbert-Kawai
Affiliation:
The Royal Liverpool Hospital
Debashish Dutta
Affiliation:
Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow
Carl Waldmann
Affiliation:
Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading
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Summary

Key Learning Points

  1. 1. The critical care population is at high risk of venous thromboembolism.

  2. 2. Classification of pulmonary embolism is based on mortality risk.

  3. 3. The clinical presentation of pulmonary embolism in the critical care environment is atypical and diagnosis remains difficult.

  4. 4. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography is the investigation of choice for pulmonary embolism.

  5. 5. Anticoagulation is the mainstay of acute treatment, with thrombolysis being reserved for high-risk pulmonary embolism.

Keywords

pulmonary embolismPEvenous thromboembolismVTEdeep vein thrombosisDVT
Type
Chapter
Information
Intensive Care Medicine
The Essential Guide
 , pp. 219 - 221
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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References

References and Further Reading

Attia, J, Ray, JG, Cook, DJ, Douketis, J, Ginsberg, JS, Geerts, WH. Deep vein thrombosis and its prevention in critically ill adults. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:1268–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Konstantinides, SV, Torbicki, A, Agnelli, G, et al. 2014 ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Heart J 2014;35:3033–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Konstantinides, SV, Vicaut, E, Danays, T, et al. Impact of thrombolytic therapy on the long-term outcome of intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;69:1536–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meyer, G, Vieillard-Baron, A, Planquette, B. Recent advances in the management of pulmonary embolism: focus on the critically ill patients. Ann Intensive Care 2016;6:19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pollack, CV, Schreiber, D, Goldhaber, SZ, et al. Clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism in the emergency department: initial report of EMPEROR (Multicenter Emergency Medicine Pulmonary Embolism in the Real World Registry). J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:700–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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