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from Section 3.7 - Infection and Immunity
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 July 2023
Key Learning Points
1. Viral diseases continue to emerge and represent a serious issue to public health internationally.
2. A coronavirus is responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Other notable coronaviruses include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).
3. COVID-19 binds via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor on type II alveolar cells and the intestinal epithelium in a similar manner to the SARS virus.
4. The World Health Organization’s strategy of controlling a pandemic was challenged by COVID-19.
5. Many lessons have since been learnt regarding our ability in the NHS to react to a pandemic. These include the need for adequate personal protective equipment, rapid diagnostic testing of patients and staff and use of methods to communicate with relatives of patients who were seriously ill or dying in the intensive care unit.
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